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The marine environment is full of noise. Some of the noise is natural.

The marine environment is full of noise. Some of the noise is natural. Some of the noise is man made. Can you think of any noises you might hear?. The Marine Environment. Sound can travel 5 times faster in water than air. Sound can travel great distances underwater.

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The marine environment is full of noise. Some of the noise is natural.

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  1. The marine environment is full of noise. • Some of the noise is natural. • Some of the noise is man made. • Can you think of any noises you might hear? • The Marine Environment

  2. Sound can travel 5 times faster in water than air. • Sound can travel great distances underwater. • A whale’s song can travel up to 3,000 km. • Sound can be bounced off objects underwater (an echo). • Sound and Water

  3. Hunting • Navigation • Communication …they depend on sound to sense the ocean around them, find food and travel. • Marine Mammals have developed their hearing for many reasons

  4. Dolphins and Echolocation • Some animals use echolocation to determine the distance from objects including food and predators. • Dolphins use sonar clicks. • Clicks bounce back when they contact an object (echo). • If the object is close the sound returns fast. • If the object is far away it will take longer to return.

  5. A dolphin can detect a golf ball sized object which is placed over a football field away. • A dolphin’s sense of hearing is much more developed than it’s sense of sight. • Why do you think that is?

  6. Marine animals use sound to communicate. • As sound travels well in water, some animals can communicate over great distances. - Blue whales can hear each other up to 1,000 miles apart. • Communication

  7. Man made examples: • Wind farms • Ships • Drilling • Sonar Natural examples: • Waves and rocks • Wind • Marine mammals • Birds • Where do sounds come from? Image: Ashley Dace

  8. Construction: • Hydraulic hammers • Offshore pilling • Operation • Ships that service the wind farms. • Noises from Wind Farms Image: Thom Gordon Image: Gary Faux Image: Gary Faux

  9. Unnatural background noise can interfere with the sense of hearing of marine mammals. • This can make it harder for them to hunt, navigate and communicate. • This is called masking. • Impacts of noise on marine mammals

  10. Different frequencies have different effects… • Noise trauma - damages hearing and long exposure can cause permanent loss of hearing. • Mammals may avoid noisy areas. This can be a problem if these are important feeding or breeding grounds.

  11. The offshore wind industry can try to reduce the damage caused by noise pollution in the sea: • Drilling monopiles instead of hammering them • Slow start pile driving • Using floating turbines or other alternatives to monopiles • Using sound barriers such as air bubbles and foam wrapping • Using pingers to scare off mammals. • Reducing Damage

  12. Sound travels very well in water. • Marine mammals have an excellent sense of hearing and use sounds for many things. • Background noise and noise pollution affect the hearing of marine mammals. • A lot of this noise can come from human activities including wind farms. • It is possible to reduce human noise pollution in the sea. • What have we learned?

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