Unit 3 Exploring New Cities

1. Unit 3Exploring New Cities

2. Listening “Where in the World”p. 18 • Matt • Founded 3,000 years ago • Beautiful beaches • Monuments • Nightlife • Diana • Delicious, spicy food • Architecture • Subway system • Traffic • Street vendors

3. Grammar- Defining and non-defining relative clauses p. 19 • A relative or adjective clause is a clause that describes a noun. • A defining clause is necessary to identify which noun. • A non-defining clause is extra information, the noun is already identified. • Examples: • The professor who teaches Chemistry 101 is an excellent lecturer. • Mr. Johnson, who teaches Chemistry 101, is an excellent lecturer. • (Notice – defining clause do not use commas, non-defining clauses use them)

4. That • That can be used for defining clauses except in place of where or whose. • The professor that teaches Chemistry 101 is an excellent lecturer. • Mr. Johnson, (that cannot be used) who teaches Chemistry 101 is an excellent lecturer.

5. Practice • Which sentences require commas? Where can “that” be used? • 1. Only people who speak Russian should apply for the job. • 2. Matthew who speaks Russian should apply for the job. • 3. The rice which we had for dinner last night was very good. • 4. Rice which is grown in many countries is a staple food throughout much of the world. • 5. The newspaper article was about a man who died two years ago of a rare tropical disease. • 6. Paul O’Grady who died two years ago was a kind and loving man. • 7. Mr. Brown whose son won the spelling contest is very proud of his son. The man whose daughter won the science contest is also very pleased and proud.

6. Vocabulary – City p. 20

10. Listening “What’s the city like?”p. 20 • Who likes the city better? • Vicki • What city features are mentioned? • Climate • Architecture • Shopping • Customs • Hotels • Job market • Landmarks • Nightlife • Cuisine

11. Discussion “Perfect Places” p. 20 • Work with a partner and research on the internet for ideas. You and your partner don’t necessarily have to have the same answers. • What is… • A good city for budget travelers? ______________ • A good city for a honeymoon? ________________ • A place that would make a good family vacation spot? ________ • A city where you’d like to live for a few years? ____________ • A good city to go to school in? _____________ • A place that you would never want to visit? ___________

12. City Search p. 22 • This exciting large city with bustling streets is a great place to live. Most evenings you can choose from a movie, a concert or even a museum. • But be careful – in spite of all the late night activity. The crime rate is high. • There are lots of jobs here, and the average salary is about $3,000 a month. • However, housing costs are high. A nice apartment is about $2,500 per month. • Our efficient new subway system can get you anywhere you want to go. • Although it’s fast, clean,and cheap, it’s pretty crowded during rush hour. Nevertheless, it’s still the most popular way for people to get to work.

13. This is a picturesque little resort town with year-round outdoor activities. There’s something to do in all four seasons. But there’s not much action here at night. • So even though our streets are safe, the evenings can be dull. • There are many quaint little stores and boutiques. • Despite the nearby shops, you’ll still want a car. There are no buses here. • Apartments are affordable too. You can get a great place for about $1,000 a month, and average monthly salaries are about $2,500. • On the other hand, it can sometimes be difficult to find a job.

14. Vocabulary p. 22 • A town that specializes in providing facilities for summer and/ or winter sports and hotels for tourists. • Resort town • A town whose main employer is a college, and whose population is mainly college employees and students. • College town • A town that attracts visitors for its location ,history, entertainment, or seasonal sports opportunities. • Tourist town • A town in the countryside, usually surrounded by farms. • Rural town • A town that has a lot of industry / large factories. • Industrial town • A town near the border with another state or country • Border town • A town located near a body of water that has facilities for docking ships. • Port town • A town on a country’s coast (beside an ocean) • Coastal town • A town found in a mountain region • Mountain town • A town mainly housing people who commute to cities for work • Suburban town

15. Grammar – Adjective Order p. 23 • When two or more adjectives are used to describe a noun, they follow a specific order.

16. Grammar – Words of Contrast p.23

17. Prepositions • The prepositions despite and in spite of are followed by a noun or a gerund. • In spite of my hard work, I didn’t do well on the test. • Despite working hard, I didn’t do well on the test.

18. Adverb clauses • Although and Even though are used in adjective clauses to describe the action. • Although I worked hard, I didn’t do well on the test. • Even though she was tired, she studied all night.

19. Transitions • However, Nevertheless, and On the other hand are transitions used at the beginning of a second sentence. • However and Nevertheless express concession to the first sentence. • I worked hard. Nevertheless, I didn’t do well on the test. • The city is very expensive. However, I love living here. • On the other hand expresses contrast. • This apartment is very expensive. On the other hand, it has a great view.

20. Listening “Life in Sydney” p. 24 • Maria • It’s easy to get around Sydney. • It’s a fun place to live. • The restaurants are all expensive. • Ian • The rents are expensive. • Life is better in a smaller town. • Both • The beaches are great.

21. Discussion – Quality of life p. 24 • Rate these issues from most important (1) to least important (11).