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Polymers In Pharmaceuticals

Polymers In Pharmaceuticals. Makenzie Ball, Daniel Bacon-Brown, Bill Martin, Ben Hastie. The Pharmaceutical Industry. major development in 1900’s Complexity Cost Drug discovery & development Controversy Current industry and direction…. Polymer-Drug Conjugates.

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Polymers In Pharmaceuticals

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  1. Polymers In Pharmaceuticals Makenzie Ball, Daniel Bacon-Brown, Bill Martin, Ben Hastie

  2. The Pharmaceutical Industry • major development in 1900’s • Complexity Cost • Drug discovery & development • Controversy • Current industry and direction…

  3. Polymer-Drug Conjugates • Defined as “nano-sized hybrid construct that covalently combine a bioactive agent with a polymer”. • Or, a polymer where some of the monomers act as drugs. • These can be used to significantly enhance the effect of drugs. Figure 1. Examples of polymer drug conjugates.

  4. Apoptosis • Defined as programmed cellular death. • Problems with the process cause: Alzheimers and Huntington’s diseases, ischemia, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. • Cancer drugs usually work by inducing apoptosis in the cancerous cells. • However, they also induce apoptosis in non-cancerous cells. This is why chemotherapy is so toxic.

  5. Use of polymer-drug conjugates to induce apoptosis for cancer treatments • Help target tumors because of their enhanced permeability and retention effect. • Improving drug activity. • Lowering drug toxicity. • TNP-470 is a conjugate that avoids causing harm to the brain because it’s polymeric aspect keeps it from crossing the blood brain barrier. Figure 2. Example of a polymer-drug conjugate.

  6. Marketing-Section Needs • Great need exist for “White Biotechnology” • White biotechnology is technology produced from natural enzymes that could be used to help provide fuel, refine agricultural crops, and help remove harmful products • Pharmaceuticals will benefit from white biotechnology in the form of antibotics

  7. Marketing-Section Needs • Another important need is in research and analyzing current production lines • 1st generation plants which generate current biotechnology, including antibiotics, are outdated • 2nd generation plants will be radically different • Current research in filtration shows vast improvements to current industrial practices • Research on carbon flux within cell will give crucial leads on engineering practices

  8. Pharmaceuticals Until 2020 • What major research activities will drive drug discovery and development? • Feed off research of biology, bioengineering, materials science, and nanotechnology • Holistic approach to combine diagnostics, drugs, and devices • What will the enabling technologies be? • Ultrafast computing microprocessor technology • Stem cell research • Nanotechnologies

  9. What paradigm shifts will there be in drug discovery, development, regulation and usage? • Current business model of discovery and development is unlikely to be sustainable with increased research and development costs with low yields • Realign from product to healthcare • Integration • Public-private development partnerships • Globalization • How will changes in education meet the demands of academia industry and regulatory institution? • New products means new technology • Life-long learning programs • Move from large lectures and laboratories to focus on small group teaching, problem solving tutorials and computer assisted learning • Become more pharmaceutical engineers

  10. Conclusion • Marketing • Emphasis on white biotechnology • Roadmap • Re-model business aspects of drug discovery/develop. • Specialized learning, more engineering • Current Technology • Efficiency of treatments could be better • Polymers and cancer

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