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Status Update on LIGO-India

Tarun Souradeep 1 & Sukanta Bose 2 1 IUCAA, Pune , India 2 Washington State University, Pullman, USA LIGO DCC ID: LIGO-G1300002. Status Update on LIGO-India. Gravitational Waves: New Frontiers, Seoul Jan 16-18, 2013. IUCAA. Science Gain from Strategic Geographical Location.

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Status Update on LIGO-India

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  1. Tarun Souradeep1 & Sukanta Bose2 1IUCAA, Pune, India 2Washington State University, Pullman, USA LIGO DCC ID: LIGO-G1300002 Status Update on LIGO-India Gravitational Waves: New Frontiers, Seoul Jan 16-18, 2013 IUCAA GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  2. Science Gain from Strategic Geographical Location Source localization error Courtesy: S. Fairhurst Launch of Gravitational wave Astronomy GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  3. GEO: 0.6km VIRGO: 3km LIGO-LHO: 2km+ 4km KAGRA 3 km (2017) LIGO-LLO: 4km Global Network of Adv. GW Observatories Network  1. Detection confidence 2. Duty factor 3. Source localization 4. Polarization Time delays in milliseconds India provides almost largest possible baselines. (Antipodal baseline 42ms) LIGO-India [Sathyaprakash, Fairhurst, Veitch, Schutz, Klimenko, Reitze, Whitcomb, LIGO-T1200219 (2012)]

  4. LIGO-India: A proposed mega-science project in India’s next 5-year plan • A project on Indian soil with International Cooperation • Involvement at the threshold of a major science discovery • aLIGO-USA precedes LIGO-India by ~3 years. Staggered time-line  is an advantage. • Indian experimenters would participate in aLIGO-USA • Significant US expertise will pave way for faster execution of LIGO-India • US hardware contribution ready: no uncertainty in timeline • aLIGO is one of NSF’s most ambitiousfunded projects • LIGO-India got positive reviews , NSB approval for NSF to proceed as it deems best. • Expenditure entirely in Indian labs & Industry. • Very significant Industrial capability upgrade. Indian DAE labs & Industry assessed to be in position to carry out phase-I of LIGO-India. (Senior LIGO team visited Indian labs & facilities in Aug ,Oct, Dec 2011, Feb 2012] • Well defined training plan  Generate large number (~100) of highly trained scientists. • Major data analysis centre for the entire LIGO network. Huge opportunity for Indian University participation. GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  5. Highly Multi-disciplinary Astro++ GW: New Frontiers, Seoul

  6. Multi-Institutional, Multi-disciplinary Consortium LIGO India Lead Institutions: IUCAA, Pune; IPR, Gandhinagar; RRCAT, Indore; Nodal Institutions: CMI, Chennai; Delhi University; IITs @ Gandhinagar, Kanpur, Madras; IISERs @ Kolkata, Pune, Tvm. Individual scientists from TIFR, Mumbai; RRI, Bangalore; IISc, Bangalore; …. + others GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  7. Multi-Institutional, Multi-disciplinary Consortium Nodal Institutions: IUCAA, Pune; IPR, Ahmedabad; RRCAT, Indore; Other Institutions: CMI, Chennai; Delhi University; IITs @ Gandhinagar, Kanpur, Madras; IISERs @ Kolkata, Pune, Tvm. Individual scientists from TIFR, Mumbai; RRI, Bangalore; IISc, Bangalore;+ others GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  8. Three Phases of LIGO-India project LIGO-India Project is broadly divided into three phases: Phase 1 (Sept 2012 – June 2014) – Site selection, infrastructure & facility and vacuum system design and prototyping of beam tube. Phase 2 (July 2014 – Dec 2017) – Infrastructure & facility preparation, vacuum construction and testing at vendor site, training of Indian Scientists / Engineers, shipping of detector and documentation of the detector hardware components, their installation and testing off-site (RRCAT) Phase 3 (2018-2020) – Detector installation and commissioning on site GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  9. Institute of Plasma Research (IPR) GW - New Frontiers, Seoul Ajai Kumar - NSF review Dec2012

  10. Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology (RRCAT) GW - New Frontiers, Seoul Sendhil Raja Ajai Kumar - NSF review Dec2012

  11. constructed GW - New Frontiers, Seoul Sendhil Raja Ajai Kumar - NSF review Dec2012

  12. Manpower and Human Resource Development • The construction and subsequent operation of the observatory will require ~ 50 scientists and engineers. • ~10 critical manpower for the project team will be seconded from lead centers • The facilities like engineering, drafting etc. from the participating institutes will also be used. • During Project execution phase project scientist / engineers will be hired for duration of five years. • Necessary work / required facilities will be outsourced. • ~ 40 new positions will be created. • A committee will be constituted, which will assist in generating manpower. GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  13. GW Data Centre @ IUCAA • Team: Tarun Souradeep, SB,SanjitMitra, AjitKembhavi, Sarah Ponrathnam, Jayanti Prasad, SharmadNavelkar + AnandSengupta(IIT, Gnd) • IUCAA data centre- “Prototype” in early 2013: 30 Tf, 600 Tb [94 nodes : 2 x 8-core Intel Xeon Sandybridge, 128 GB RAM/node, Infiniband interconnect] • All infrastructure (for expansion to ~300 Tf ) at IUCAA.Installation by HP commenced Nov 26, 2012 (~ 6 wks before opening to users) [total investment ~ $2M] • Next: Tier2-like GWDA centre: ~200 Tfpeak capability [~ 2014]: USD 10M funds requested in IUCAA XII (5 year) Plan budget] • Match advanced LIGO at US schedule. Part of the LSC participation commitment from IndIGO • Network: gigabit+ backbone, National Knowledge Network • Few Gigabit dedicated link to LIGO lab Caltech • Role of GW data centre • Tier-2 data & compute centre for archival of GW data and analysis • Bring together GW scientists & data-analysts within the Indianscience community. GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  14. IUCAA Data Centre(Dec 15, 2012) GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  15. IUCAA Data Centre(Dec 15, 2012) GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  16. IUCAA Data Centre(Dec 15, 2012) GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  17. LIGO-India Detector Site LIGO-India site search team @IUCAA IUCAA: Tarun Souradeep, SharadGaonkar (retd. dDG, GSI), SanjitMitra, AjitKembhavi IISER Kolkata: SupriyoMitra (Geophysicist) , Rajesh K. Nayak C.S. Unnikrishnan (TIFR), Sendhil Raja (RRCAT) & BalaIyer (RRI) • Requirements / metric: • Low ‘seismicity’ (ground noise PSD) • Low human generated noise • Air connectivity, road connectivity, data connectivity,… • Proximity to academic institutions, labs, industry preferred, … • Approach : • Identify potential sites not too far from existingfacilities • Establish contact with local & high level state officials • Desktop survey of sites, followed by team visit • 2-3wk seismic survey: ground noise PSD at 0.1-100 Hz range • Few interesting possibilities have emerged. GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  18. X Note: We have followed up ALL leads, independent of their seismic zonation. 16 site leads up until now X X X X GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  19. Sites under investigation • Karnataka [KS]: Site 1 – the technology hub ~40 km from Chitradurga, [~200km NW of Bangalore] • Site 2 is 10km away from site 1 • Site visit, Chief Sec., Principal Sec. of Karnataka. • Weather & Seismic survey data for site-1 (10km away) • Site-1 ruled out, Site 2 open (but issues of acquisition) • 2. Andhra Pradesh [AP]: 100 km north of Bangalore: • First site visit by AjitKembhavi. • Principal Sec. of Andhra Pradesh; seismic survey completed (Apr 2-17) • Seismic, weather survey done. On preliminary shortlist. • 4. Madhya Pradesh [MP]: Bhopal ~200Km NE, ~ 200 Km N of Indore • Presentation by T. Souradeep to the (new) Addl. Chief Sec. on May 16,2012 • 4 potential sites: Seismic survey complete for 2 of these; 3rd to begin now. • 5. Rajasthan [RJ]: ~80km west of Jaipur visited Apr 12-14: insufficient space • East of Udaipur: One Site visited Apr 12-14, seismic survey done (analysis ongoing) , another under discussion GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  20. Desktop study: MP Site 2, Madhya Pradesh Step1: Google Earth map with a proposed configuration GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  21. A desktop study: MP Site 2, Madhya Pradesh Step2: Satellite topography map with a proposed configuration GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  22. Desktop study: MP-Site 2 Step 3: Detailed Topography along the proposed configuration ( To be followed up with topo-sheets from Survey of India & Seismic survey) End 1 408m center 390m End 2 385m GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  23. Desktop study: MP site 3 , Madhya Pradesh Step1: Google Earth map with a proposed configuration + acquire topographical sheets GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  24. Desktop study: MP site 3 , Madhya Pradesh Step2: Satellite topography map with a proposed configuration GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  25. Site characterization: E.g., Archived weather data at KS Site-1 Wind speed (Km/hr) GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  26. Seismic Survey (RJ-1, Nov. 8, 2012) Prof. Jaafrey IUCAA Assoc. IRC Udaipur Univ Unni SharadGoankar Sr. consultant IUCAA Himangshu, St/o Supriyo GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  27. Preliminary Seismic Survey KS site 1 GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  28. Preliminary Seismic Survey GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  29. To summarize… In the past year (2012), pre-approval phase: Miles covered, inches to go …. toward Indian govt. approval. Post-approval: Important challenges ahead, but gearing up well to face them  • Is there enough scientific interest in the community in India? Yes • Does the community have sufficient scientific, technical and managerial ability to implement this megaproject? Yes • Would adequate funding and support be available? Very likely • Can the project be sustained over ~15 years? Yes • Is there a suitable site? Several possibilities Thank you !!! GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  30. LIGO-India Site drawings (supplied to state officials) GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  31. Major Indian Institutions • IUCAA: Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune. • RRCAT: Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore • IPR: Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Ahmedabad • IIT: Indian Institute(s) of Technology • IISER: Indian Institute(s) for Science Education and Research • IISc, TIFR, BARC, VECC ... (not yet involved with LIGO-India) Mega-Science Projects comm.  Planning Comm. Of India Funding & implementation Agencies • DAE : Department of Atomic Energy • DST : Department of Science and Technology GW - New Frontiers, Seoul Adapted: AKK - NSF review Apr 2012

  32. GW - New Frontiers, Seoul Ajai Kumar - NSF review Dec2012

  33. Seismic Survey GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  34. Some Major Projects in India & Intl. Projects With Significant Indian Contribution • Giant MetrewaveRadio Telescope (Pune, India) • Large Hadron Collider • ITER-India • India Based Neutrino Observatory • Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT-India) • Square Kilometre Array • National Large Solar telescope AKK : NSF review Apr 2012 GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  35. LIGO-India:a good idea for Intl. community ! • Geographical relocation Strategic for GW astronomy • Potentially large GW expt. & science community in the future • Indian demographics: youth dominated – need challenges • Improved UG education system will produce a larger number of students with aspirations looking for frontline research opportunities at home. • Present experimental expertise within IndIGO Laser and optics: RRCAT, IPR, TIFR, IITM, IIT K, IISER Pune, IISER, Kolkata, IISER TVM + … UH Vacuum: RRCAT, IPR, VECC, + … In project mode, each group can scale to 10 PDF & PhD students in 2-3 years. • Major enhancement of Science & Data Analysis team. Consolidated IndIGO participation in LIGO Science Collab. (Sept 2011) • P. Ajith, Caltech PDF ICTS, Bangalore (Jan 2013), RanaAdhikari (Adjunct, ICTS) • SanjitMitra: Caltech-JPL PDF IUCAA • Sengupta : Caltech PDF  DU  IIT GN • ArchanaPai: AEI  IISER • SB, LSC member, USA, joiningIUCAA ( Jan 2013) • Expand theory and create numerical relativity activities. Expect hiring in premier institutions (e.g., ICTS) GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  36. IndIGO Consortium – a brief history • Dec. 2007 : ICGC2007 @IUCAA: RanaAdhikari’s visit & discussions • 2009: • Australia-India S&T collaboration (Iyer & Blair) Establishing Australia-India collaboration in GW Astronomy • IndIGO Consortium: IUCAA Reunion meeting (Aug 9, 2009) • GW Astronomy Roadmap for India; • 2009-2011: • Meetings at Kochi, Pune, Shanghai, Perth, Delhi to Define, Reorient and Respond to the Global (GWIC) strategies for setting up the International GW Network. • Bring together scattered Indian Experimental Expertise; Individuals & Institutions • March 2011: IndIGO-I Proposal: Participation in LIGO-Australia • May 2011+: Efforts on for funding LIGO-India… • Note: • IndIGO was admitted to GWIC in July 2011 : Intl. recognition of the growing GW activity & community in India. • IndIGO has been accepted into the LIGO Science Collab. (LSC) : pan-Indian 7 institutes: 15 members: Theory, DA + EXPERIMENTERS ): Sept. 2011 [ Grown to 27 LSC members by Dec. 2012] GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  37. Project Work Breakdown Structure The Project Work is sub-divided into broad activity-wise categories • Site selection and survey • Civil Infrastructure and facilities • Vacuum System & Mechanical Engineering • Computing facility • Human Resource Development • Implementation of CDS system • Detector Hardware Documentation & Pre-installation • Detector on-site Installation & commissioning • Detector integration, installation and commissioning • These activities will be executed by three lead institute (IPR, RRCAT and IUCAA) under the MOU among them. GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  38. Manpower generation for sustenance of LIGO-India : • aLIGOUSA will have a lead time over LIGO-India • Indian personnel trained in USA bring expertise to LIGO-India and build groups using associated training programs • Postdocs at LIGO (3 thru IndIGOfor LIGO-India), visits to CIT, LHO,LLO, MIT, Glasgow, .. • 2013 Indo-UK meet Feb:Cardiff [5Ind, 20UK], GWPAW, Transients & Timing (Dec,Mar:IUCAA) • IndIGOSummer internships in International labs underway (3 years). • High UG applications 30/40 each year from IIT, IISER, NISERS,.. • 3 summers, ~14 students, 1 starting PhD at LIGO-MIT • Plans to extend to participating National labs to generate more experimenters • IndIGO schools to expose students to emerging opportunity in GW science • 1stIndIGO school in Dec 2010 in Delhi Univ. (thru IUCAA) • Funded ICTS Cosmology & GW school in IUCAA, Dec 2011 • IUCAA GW school in Tezpur Univ. (Jan 2012) • IUCAA GW School Goa (Dec 2012), ICTS NR school& W/shop (Jun-Jul 2013) • Possibly: Board of Research in GWST for funding research in GW related S&T • Fund research groups & facilities devlopment in IITs, IISERS & Univ. • Possibly : Joint Technical PG training school for GWST at IUCAA, IPR, RRCAT GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  39. Madhya Pradesh (MP) • Nearest large airports (200km) : Bhopal (Capital MP) & Indore (RRCAT) • Presentation by TS to Addl. Chief sec, in Bhopal, May 16,2012 • Very positive & prompt response. District collector & team present • One District -200 km NE from Bhopal (& Another district as next alternative– NW of Bhopal) • Suggestion to co-exist with a large solar power setup • Current 4 sites considered: • MP Site 1 to 4 • Site 1 insufficient space (3.5km) but short seisimic survey done to make a prelim assesment of MP district • Site 2 : topographical hinderance • Site 3 (2 wk seisimic survey done), Site 4 (2 wk seis. Survey now) GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  40. Preliminary Seismic Survey GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  41. Indo-US Centre for Gravitational Physics and Astronomy @ IUCAA APPROVED (Dec 2010). Funds received Jul 6, 2011 • Centre of Indo-US Science and Technology Forum (IUSSTF) • Exchange program to fund mutual visits and facilitate • interactions leading to collaborations • Nodal centres: IUCAA , Pune, India & Caltech, Pasadena, USA. • Institutions: • Indian: IUCAA, TIFR, IISER, DU, CMI - PI: TarunSouradeep • USA: Caltech, WSU - PI: RanaAdhikari GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

  42. The QuestionsAnswers • Is there enough scientific interest in the community in India? Yes • Does the community have sufficient scientific, technical and managerial ability to implement such a vast project? Yes • Would adequate funding and support be available? Very Likely • Can the project be sustained over ~15 years? Yes • Is there a suitable site? Several possibilities In the past year (Nov. 2011), pre-approval phase: Miles covered , inches to go …. toward Indian govt. approval. Post-approval: Enormous Challenges ahead, but gearing well up to face them  Thank you !!! GW - New Frontiers, Seoul

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