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Today: Nutrition and Digestion Wed. Grizzly Bears

Learn about how complex molecules are broken down and used for energy in the digestion process of grizzly bears. Explore the food pyramid, protein needs, and the impact of calorie restriction on lifespan. Discover the role of olfaction and food-derived odors in regulating Drosophila lifespan. Understand the association between body weight and excess deaths. Explore the digestive system and the process of physical and chemical digestion. Don't miss the screening of "Plastic Garbage Island" tonight at 7pm in Welch 1.308.

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Today: Nutrition and Digestion Wed. Grizzly Bears

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  1. Today: Nutrition and Digestion Wed. Grizzly Bears

  2. During digestion complex molecules are broken down and then used to build needed molecules and to produce energy

  3. Food Pyramid based on 2,000 calories/day

  4. Federal Food Subsidies vs Food Pyramid http://www.pcrm.org/magazine/gm07autumn/health_pork.html

  5. Protein needed per day = 0.8g/kg of body weight So a 150 lb person needs 54 g or 2 oz of protein/day

  6. 20 amino acids

  7. 8 Essential Amino Acids

  8. Many cultures combine these foods in their traditional diets: beans and rice, beans and corn, peanut butter on bread, soy and rice, lentils and bread or rice

  9. The Calorie Restriction Society for people trying to live longer by eating fewer calories http://youtube.com/watch?v=YTQR7o9ap9Y

  10. Regulation of Drosophila Life Span by Olfaction and Food-Derived Odors S Libert, J Zwiener, X Chu, W VanVoorhies, G Roman, S PletcherScience Vol. 315:1133 - 113723 February 2007

  11. Smelling food reduces life span in CR flies Normal Diet Flies Calorie Restricted Flies Fig 1

  12. Calorie Restriction related websites: http://www.calorierestriction.org/ http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/12/30/eveningnews/main1172297.shtml http://stke.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/sci;315/5815/1133 http://stke.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/sci;315/5812/584

  13. Cause-Specific Excess Deaths Associated with Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity Flegal KM et al JAMA, November 7, 2007—Vol 298, No. 17 pg 2028-37 Overweight (BMI 25-30) people live longer than normal (BMI 18.5-25), underweight (BMI<18.5), or obese (BMI>30) people JAMA, November 7, 2007—Vol 298, No. 17 pg 2028-37

  14. Fig 43.5 The Digestive System

  15. Complex molecules are broken down and then used to build needed molecules and to produce energy

  16. Animals take in complex molecules from the environment for energy production

  17. Animal digestion occurs outside of our cells.

  18. animal and fungal digestion occurs outside of our cells.

  19. Fig 43.6 Physical digestion: liquefying of food Chemical digestion: breaking large molecules into small molecules

  20. Fig 43.6 Chewing and adding saliva begins the process of liquification Amylase in mouth Amylase begins the chemical digestion of carbs

  21. Fig 43.8 The primary function of the stomach is food storage

  22. In the stomach liquification continues. Fig 43.8 Pepsin in stomach Pepsin begins the chemical digestion of proteins.

  23. Fig 43.5 The Digestive System

  24. Fig 43.6 Most chemical digestion occurs in the first part of the small intestine

  25. Fig 43.11 The small intestine has a large surface area to aid in absorbption of nutrients

  26. Fig 43.11 Absorption in the Small Intestine

  27. Fig 43.6 Fats and lipids move through the lymphatic system, which returns fluid to blood directly before heart small intestine Lymph vessel

  28. Fig 43.5 The Digestive System

  29. Fig 43.6

  30. Today: Nutrition and Digestion Wed. Grizzly Bears Tonight, “Plastic Garbage Island” 7pm in Welch 1.308

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