1. CHAPTER 4 SECTION 3 NATURAL RESOURCES

2. SUSTAINING SOIL RESOURCES Soil Exhausting- Soil becomes useless for farming because of overuse (Nutrient Loss) Soil Salinization can become a problem

3. Positive Methods To Stop This Include 1)Fertilizer 2)Crop Rotation (planting different crops in alternating years) 3) Irrigation (water is artificially supplied to the land

4. Deforestation- Destruction or loss of forest (cleared for logging, farmland) is way ahead of. . .

5. Reforestation (replanting of forests) which has greatly contributed to soil erosion

6. THE QUALITY OF OUR AIR Humans, animals, & plants need the gases in the air to survive- POLLUTION threatens us

7. 1) Smog-The mixing of chemicals (from cars & factories) with sunlight (ex.-L.A. & Mex. City)

9. 2) Acid Rain-The mixture of chemicals with water vapor in the atmosphere (damages trees & kills fish)

11. 3)Ozone Layer (Protects us from the sun’s ultraviolet rays which cause skin cancer) can be damaged by certain types of air pollution which also contribute to Global Warming

13. Mineral Resources- Solid Substances that come out of the ground such as • metals (aluminum to zinc making products from airplanes to soft drink cans).

15. rocks (limestone which is cut into blocks for building) • & salt

16. Minerals are extracted from holes in the ground called Mines, the mineral bearing rock is called Ore

17. Mineral Recycling- Very important, the more we recycle, the slower we will use up non-renewable resources

18. (aluminum, copper, & steel are the most often recycled minerals) • You can make money.

19. Energy is the most important non-renewable resource in the world, …these resources called Fossil Fuels (formed from the remains of ancient plants & animals)

20. Coal was the 1st FF to be used for heat & energy (plentiful)

21. Petroleum ( also called oil), 1st used as lamp fuel, • today is made into gas, diesel, heating fuel, asphalt, & many other products

22. Natural Gas- used for home & industrial heating (plentiful)

24. HOMEWORK #3 (PGS.76-81) • 1)What are the 3 most important uses of forests? • 2)What 5 products do we get from forests?

25. 3)Define:A)Aqueducts B) Wells C) Aquifers D) Fossil Water

26. 4)What are the main 3 uses of minerals? • 5A)What are Petrochemicals? • 5B)What are some of its uses?

27. 6)What is the negative of burning fossil fuels?

28. 1)Protect soil from erosion, provide habitats for many different species, yield useful products 2)wood, food, medicine, oils, & rubber 3A)artificial channels for transporting water B) holes dug to groundwater, using pumps to bring the water to the surface C) rock layers where groundwater is plentiful D) very old groundwater

29. 4)construction, jewelry & manufacturing 5A)products made from oil 5B) explosives, food additives, medicines, pesticides plastics 6)carbon dioxide (a greenhouse gas) is released-keeps extra heat in the atmosphere-GW

30. 2)What 4 factors must be present for the soil to support plant life? 3)What 2 factors determine soil composition?

31. 4) Name the 3 layers of the soil called the soil horizon.

32. 5)What is a big factor in determining how fertile the soil is? • 6)What do soil profiles vary according to?( 2 factors)

33. ANSWERS TO BR #3 A)Physical material making up part of the earth that people need & value B) Those that natural processes continually replace C) Cannot be replaced after being used D) Rocky material including both rocky sediment & organic matter

34. E) Mixture of plant & animal material broken down by bacteria, Insects & Worms near the surface • F) The downward movement of humus & minerals in soil • G) The soil horizons at any place

35. 2)Weathered rock material, organic matter, gasses & water 3) The parent rock, climate 4) (A) horizon called topsoil, (B) horizon called subsoil is the middle layer, (C) horizon which is weathered or broken rock

36. 5) The amount of leaching that has taken place-the lower the minerals & humus have fallen the less fertile the soil is likely to be • 6) Climate & major vegetation