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The Age of Jackson

The Age of Jackson. “Old Hickory”. Bell Ringer: Discussion Questions. How much of a disparity exists between poor and wealthy people in America today? In what ways is it easy to distinguish between poor and wealthy Americans?

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The Age of Jackson

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  1. The Age of Jackson “Old Hickory”

  2. Bell Ringer: Discussion Questions • How much of a disparity exists between poor and wealthy people in America today? • In what ways is it easy to distinguish between poor and wealthy Americans? • In what ways is it difficult to distinguish between poor and wealthy Americans? • American is known as the “land of opportunity”, how accurate is that term today?

  3. Questions to Ponder • How democratic was Andrew Jackson? • What group of people did Jackson represent? • In what ways did Jackson change the government? • Why was Jackson loved by many people and should he have been?

  4. Who really was the most interesting man in the world? Vs. • Strong Leader • Symbol of the working and middle class • Born on the frontier • Famed Indian fighter • Wealthy planter and slave owner • Chewed tobacco, fought in duels, and was temperamental • No college education

  5. Jackson’s main impacts… • Changes in the Franchise • Peggy Eaton Affair • Indian Removal Act • Reaction to Worcester v. Georgia • Nullification Crisis • Bank Veto • Pet banks • Specie Circular

  6. Disenfranchised • Being a part of the franchise meant that you could vote. • Had been only white land-owning males. Changes made: 1)Newly added states allowed all white males to vote and hold office. 2) Party nominations could be influenced by common people. 3)New ways to choose the presidential electors. 4) Two & Three party system 5) More elected officials 6) Popular campaigning

  7. Spoils System Rotation of Office • Appoint people to federal jobs because they helped you campaign. (party loyalty) • “No man, has any more intrinsic claim to office than another.” Government changes under Jackson

  8. Jackson the President • Vetoed more bills than the total of the last 6 presidents. • Considered the common president • Advised from an unofficial cabinet group called the “kitchen cabinet”

  9. Peggy Eaton Affair • Peggy O’Neale Eaton was the wife of the secretary of war. • She was attacked of having an affair. • Jackson forced cabinet wives' to accept her socially. • Martin Van Buren respected Jackson’s wishes. • John Calhoun did not.

  10. Indian Removal Act 1830 • Jackson disliked Natives and Slaves. • Wanted democracy but not for them. • Passed this act in order to move Natives past the Mississippi. • 1836- Bureau of Indian Affairs created to assist the resettled tribes. • 1838- Trail of Tears- US army forced the Natives to resettle.

  11. Indian Response to the Indian Removal Act • Black Hawk War- Native resistance to white settlers • Seminole War- Many Seminole Indians resisted the Indian Removal Act. • Jackson spent $20 million and consumed tons of time trying to get them to leave.

  12. Nullification Crisis • John C. Calhoun came up with the nullification theory -States had the right to obey federal law or declare null and void. 1828- South Carolina argued that the tariff of 1828( Tariff of Abominations) was unconstitutional. 1830- Daniel Webster debated Robert Hayne Webster-Hayne Debate- On the nature of the federal union. -Webster favored Federal Hayne- Favored States

  13. Jackson’s reaction… “Our federal Union, it must be preserved.” -South Carolina held a convention to nullify the tariff. -Jackson told them that nullification and disunion was TREASON! *Jackson compromised by lowering the tariff rates if South Carolina would void its nullification.*

  14. Bank War • Jackson felt the Bank of the US was unconstitutional • Henry Clay running against Jackson persuaded Congress to pass a bank-recharter bill. • Jackson vetoed the bill. Supreme Court John Marshall dies Jackson replaces him twice before he finds someone that will do what he wants. • Roger B. Taney

  15. Taney and the Supreme Court • Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge • Taney sides with company that wanted to build a competing bridge • Taney stated the object of government is to promote general happiness and the well-being of the community.

  16. Two-Party System • Jackson supporters Democrats Henry Clay supporters Whigs (Name from those who opposed the king of England) Jackson wins reelection in 1832

  17. Jackson’s Next 4 Years… • Pet Banks- Jackson had vetoed the recharter of the banks and cut all federal funds. • Jackson had the funds transferred to various state banks (called “pet banks”) • Jackson’s financial policies caused inflation for land and goods. • Specie Circular- Order that future land purchases be made with silver and gold, not banknotes. Doesn’t help… *Banknotes lose their value and the Panic of 1837 caused an economic depression.*

  18. Election of 1836 • Jackson pushed for his vice president Martin Van Buren to run for President. • Van Buren won • Distribution Act- Give the states surplus federal funds. • Panic of 1837- Many banks closed and led to a economic depression.

  19. Campaign of 1840 • “Log Cabin & Hard Cider” -William Henry Harrison v. Martin Van Buren Whigs win the election and become a national party. -Harrison died of pneumonia and John Tyler became The president.

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