High Performance Buildings Research & Implementation Center (HiPerBRIC)

1. High Performance Buildings Research & Implementation Center (HiPerBRIC) National Lab-Industry-University Partnership February 5, 2008

2. Outline • Current Situation of Building Energy Performance and Gaps • HiPerBRIC Vision and Mission • HiPerBRIC Role, Value and Differentiation • HiPerBRIC Structure and Operations • Action Plan and Next Steps

3. Current Situation and Desired State • Buildings are energy hogs • Energy consumption must decrease by 50% in all retrofits and 90% in all new buildings by 2030 • Urgent problem • New construction • Retrofits • Gaps in design processes • Modeling tools, design processes, methods to achieve the 90% universally • Gaps in operations • Controls, diagnostics, robustness, “how buildings really operate”, data assimilation • Neither gap has been a focus of R&D to date • DOE has invested in incremental improvements of existing tools, methods and process • Barriers in policy, economics and behavior • Incremental and component level research cannot “solve” the problem • Problem too large to be solved by a single entity

4. HiPerBRIC Vision and Mission • Vision Enable transformation of U.S. Commercial buildings sector in 20 years, starting NOW • Save >4 Quads of energy and reduce >400 million tons of CO2 annually • Reduction in energy consumption: 90% in new buildings; >50% in retrofits • Enhance health, comfort, safety/security and water usage while gaining energy efficiency • Mission • Team: Create a consortium to bring unique team of scientists, engineers and economists from national lab, academia and industries to conduct comprehensive R&D, implementation, and market transformation programs • Technology: Use a systems approach to create scalable, fault tolerant, and robust technologies for retrofit and new commercial buildings • Training: Create facility for component and systems validation/testing; education; and training • Transition: Engage and leverage all stake holders for implementation & policies • Commercial Buildings Initiative (CBI); Federal & State Agencies; Utilities; Industry Organizations (e.g. ASHRAE); A&E Firms; Building Materials and Equipment Suppliers; Building Owners & Operators; ESCOs; Service Contractors; Advocacy Groups; Financial

5. Value Derived From HiPerBRIC Creation of infrastructure and an experimental facility to reduce risk in the commercial adoption of building technologies Create a collaborative research facility for partnering among diverse stakeholders and building technology providers Train a new generation of scientists and engineers with direct access to grand challenge problems and multi-disciplinary research issues pertaining to high performance buildings

6. HiPerBRIC Value and Differentiation • Strategic • Form a National Labs-Industry-Academia partnership that engages relevant stakeholders to provide the broad and deep R&D base needed to enable market transformation • Technology • Focus on a systems approach to identify, develop and mature new enabling hardware and software technology to facilitate commercialization and market adoption • User Facility • Create a unique facility (physical infrastructure and virtual presence) to evaluate, validate and mature new technologies in real buildings • Enable commercialization, education, and training • People • Recruit and train a new generation of scientists and engineers and building industry professionals educated in systems approach to energy efficiency • Jobs • Create job growth through revitalizing the US commercial buildings industry, including suppliers, builders, building operators, architects

7. 3 Years (2011) • >50% reduction in energy consumption at the end of 3 years demonstrated in a “deep” retrofit with market-averaged payback • Develop methods for scale-up with energy, health, comfort, and safety in mind • Curriculum development tie-ins for training personnel • Product communication protocols • 5 years (2013) • >70% reduction in energy consumption demonstrated in a “deep” retrofit with market-averaged payback • >80% reduction in energy consumption demonstrated in a new building with cost of conserved carbon below onsite new clean generation • Demonstrate fully automated self-tuning continuous energy minimization at test facility with designed comfort and indoor air quality • Demonstrate moderate scale up • Develop regional market transformation programs for buildings industry 2016 2018 2030 2011 2013 AIA Challenge & CPUC Goals All new commercial buildings will be zero net energy • 10 years (2018) • >100 buildings being deep-retrofitted (>50% reduction) with market averaged payback time • Deploying fully automated self-tuning continuous energy minimization and indoor environment optimizing in retrofits and new buildings • Multiple service companies offering deep-retrofit capabilities with financing, remote monitoring, and performance guarantees • Scale up for new buildings design and construction towards zero net energy and designed indoor environment and security with market averaged payback time • Several dozen hardware and software products available from private sector enabled with BOP protocols, and plug-and-play capability NOW • 8 years (2016) • Tens to Hundred deep retrofit with >50% reduction in energy consumption with market averaged payback • Tens of new buildings with 90% reduction in energy consumption with market averaged payback Technology Maturation; Implementation in Large Commercial Buildings; Domestic and International Scale up to Thousands Buildings HiPerBRIC: Outcome & Milestone Roadmap

8. HiPerBRIC Role & Differentiation: Systems of SystemsBasic Pre-Competitive R&D HVAC Buildings Design & Energy Analysis Natural Ventilation, Indoor Environment Windows & Lighting Networks, Communications Building Materials Sensors, Controls Domestic/International Policies, Regulation, Standards, Markets Power Delivery & Demand Response Demonstrations Integration & Building Operating Platform (BOP) Team

9. External Power HiPerBRIC Technical Scope: Systems of Systems Coupled Interactions Sunlight Local Thermal/ Humidity Control Local Thermal/ Humidity Control External Ventilation Outside Air Temperature/ Humidity Info Appliance Power Control Lighting/ Window Control • Sensor Modules • Occupancy • Temperature • Humidity • Air Quality • Light • Appliances • Sensor Modules • Occupancy • Temperature • Humidity • Air Quality • Light • Appliances Thermal Storage Capacity/ Temperature Info Waste Heat Lighting/ Window Control Appliance Power Control Central Air Conditioning/ Heat Pump Coupled Interactions Electricity Storage Network Communication Layer Building Operating Platform (BOpP) Real-time optimization - consumption, cost, carbon footprint Onsite Power Generation • Output • Energy Consumption • Integrated system performance • Component sub-metered performance • Goal • Zero energy building • Zero carbon building Electricity Tariffs & Carbon Emission Rates Current &Future Weather Building Simulation, Modeling & Analysis (DOE-2; EnergyPlus)

10. From R&D to Commercialization Barriers Enablers Lack of a Long Reach and Broad Scope in Technology and Business Model Exploration Lack of a Demonstration Capability for Technology Maturation (TRL 2 to TRL6) Lack of a System of Systems Engineering Methodology Lack of Nontrivial System Architectures and Controls Develop Collaboration Among Companies, National Labs and Universities in a pre-competitive basis Create a Facility for Full Scale Demonstrations and Concentration of Talent Develop Methodology, Tools and Training for System Level Design Develop Energy Efficient Technologies and Renewables Optimized with Controls Technologies and Embedded Networks

11. Connect R&D to Markets Bridge The Gap With Building Integration & Scale • Building scale • demonstrations • Systems of systems • integration • User demonstrations • of tools & processes • Early TRL maturation • Risk reduction • Identification, exploitation • and teaching of • technology synergies • R&D • UTRC • UC Berkeley • LBL • UC Santa Barbara • Tsinghua • CMU ABSIC • UIUC ACRC • ... • Commercialization • UTC • Carrier • UTC Power • Consortia Partners • HiPerBRIC Mission • Identification & Maturation of Enabling Technology • System Engineering • Scalable Methodology & Tools • HiPerBRIC Vision • Completely transform the U.S. Commercial buildings sector in 20 years • Save >4 Quads of energy and reduce more than 400 million tons of CO2 annually • Reduction in energy consumption: 90% in new buildings; >50% in retrofits • Simultaneously improve health, comfort, safety, and energy

12. HiPerBRIC Role Relative to Other InitiativesComplements and leverages other evolving commercial buildings programs working towards 2030 net zero energy consumption • Commercial Buildings Initiative (CBI) – loose confederation of activities to bring together the full spectrum of activities and players needed to transform the sector in order to reach 2030 targets; serves as broker, coordinator, convenor, collaborator, advocate for commercial buildings RDD&D; demonstration and deployment focus; business model focuses on building owners and users. New legislation (HR6) authorizes $20M in FY2008 growing to $200M in FY2011. CBI can provide key interface for HiPerBRIC to implementation performers and stakeholders. • California PUC Strategic Plan for New Commercial Buildings– focused on new buildings demonstration and deployment activities through California investor owned utilities; includes promotion of integrated R&D and design as necessary to reach 2030 goals. HiPerBRIC clearly meets criteria for an ‘enabling initiative’ in current draft CPUC vision. • Architecture 2030 – poses challenge to global architecture and building community to adopt a series of fossil fuel reduction targets for new and existing buildings by 2030. HiPerBRIC output will provide systems, tools and technologies to support these targets. • Getting to 50 – resource to building community to achieve 50% improvement in energy efficiency of new building construction based on learning from success of 100 new commercial buildings with features that meet the 50% goal. HiPerBRIC will tap into these successes for feedback to research needs. Getting to Fifty™

13. HiPerBRIC Organization and Structure Board of Directors External Advisory Committee Internal Steering Committee HiPer BRIC Executive Director Associate Exec. Director - Research Associate Exec. Director- Implementation • Energy Systems Office • Tools that enable integrated architecture and energy system design • Technologies that enhance and exploit new interfaces between subsystems to reduce energy consumption • Building Performance Office • Technologies that enable system integration energy performance gains • Test, validate, and deploy system level solutions that address roadmap • Demonstration Projects • Use hardware and software in real buildings to achieve roadmap milestones • Codes/Standards, Best Practices, Policy • Provide technical support for codes, standards, best practices, and policies for designing new buildings, retrofitting, and operating all buildings • User • Facility • Collaborative Environment • Component and Sub-system Testing • Full-Scale System Testing • Education & Training • Engage & facilitate education and vocational training for research and building operation

14. HiPerBRIC DriversGrand Challenge Themes Design • Low carbon footprint design of commercial buildings Operation • Real-time optimized operation of commercial buildings • Optimization for energy, carbon footprint, cost • Constraints are health, comfort, indoor environment, water usage • Conduct workshops to • Identify projects to reflect midterm checkpoints on roadmap • Create diverse and multidisciplinary teams to execute projects through the HiPerBRIC “System of Systems” approach

15. Challenge Problems and Technology Maturation DoD/NASA Example Projects Seedling Technology Identification & Proposals Workshops Enabling Technology and Teaming Consortium Steering Committee Unsolicited Proposals Challenge Problems Increasing scale (teams, resources, demonstrations)

16. HiPerBRIC Output • Identification of gaps in technology and policies based on demonstrations, field trials and market assessments • Intellectual property and hardware/software technologies for retrofitting, designing new buildings, and operating all buildings • Demonstrations, best practices, and know-how for broad scale deployment • Facility for users to validate, test hardware/software performance in realistic building environment to reduce risk and enable commercialization • Technological support for codes and standards • Education and training for scientists, engineers, architects and other building professionals • Formation of new joint ventures and business models to revitalize the buildings industry

17. Consortium Membership • Tier 1 • $X/per year (Minimum 75% in cash) • Membership in board and steering committee • Participation in R&D teams • Tier 2 • $Y/per year (Minimum 75% in cash) • Participation in R&D teams • Tier 3 • $Z/per year (All cash) • Observer in Annual Meetings • First right of refusal on IP • Intellectual Property • Team being put together to work on framework

18. Potential Industry Partners

19. Seed Projects Energy Systems Office • Development of a Building Operating Platform (LBL) and (UCB), Funding : LBNL-LDRD ($150K); Status - Funded • Building Informatics Environment Enabling Rapid Prototyping and Model Extraction for Building Automation Systems LBNL), Funding: LBNL-LDRD ($150K); Status - Funded • Development and Demonstration of Integrated Lighting Systems (LBNL), Funding: LBNL-LDRD ($150K); Status - Funded Building Performance Office • Data Fusion for Building Diagnostics and Operations (LBNL), Funding: LBNL-LDRD ($150K); Status - Funded • Anomaly Detection and Decision Support Tools for Building Diagnostics (UTRC), Funding: UTRC-CSR ($400K); Status – Funded • Demand Response/Energy Optimizing Controls Demonstration (LBNL/UTRC), Funding: NYSERDA + UTRC cost share; Status – Proposed • Model-based Estimation of Dynamic Phenomena for Energy Efficient Building HVAC (UTRC) Funding: UTRC-CSR ($380K); Status – Proposed • Data Assimilation for Model-Based Building Diagnostics and Control (UTRC) Funding: TBD proposal ($200K); Status – Being proposed • Multi-scale Estimation for Indoor Environment Monitoring in Energy Efficient Buildings (UTRC) Funding: UTRC-CSR ($170K); Status – Proposed

20. Action Plan Challenge Areas Real Time Optimized Building Performance Building Design for Carbon Footprint Reduction Vision Definition Recruitment of partners Secure support from funding agencies Influence 2009 funding cycle Influence having proposals be part of funding agencies’ budgets for 2009 Consortium Scope, Organization, Grand Challenges, Initial Results Shape Overall Plan Define Grand Challenges Visit to Funding Agencies to present vision, enlist support Vision Grand Challenges External Advocacy Oversight Partner recruitment Plan Report Out Steering committee meeting to Review proposal and seed projects Secure seed project funding Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Gap Assessment External Engagement Consortium feasibility Proposal Preparation Seed project definition and execution Workshop Defining Teams & Technology Gaps Project Reviews Review Proposals Seed projects End of year review Seed project planning Preparation of Proposal for Funding Agencies Seed project execution

21. Next Steps • WBCSD & Consortium Members • Define initial target list, create briefing material and approach partners (Feb. xx) • DOE • Create briefing material, schedule visit, and coordinate with DOE High Performance Buildings program and Commercial Buildings Initiative(Feb. xx) • CPUC • Get feedback and coordinate with CPUC strategy (Feb. xx) • CEC & PIER Program • Create briefing material and schedule communication (Feb. xx) • HiPerBRIC Structure • Clarify membership tiering, funding model and develop framework for IP (Feb. xx) • Workshop • Schedule, organize workshop to define teams and technology gaps to prosecute (Mar. xx) • Seed Projects • Convene “steering committee”, review seed projects, decide funding (Mar. xx)

22. Back up

23. Gaps & Opportunities

24. X MATCHING FUNDS X INDUSTRIAL CONSORTIUM FEDERAL & STATE GOVT. Power Handling DOE Lighting • CBI Umbrella • Utilities • Other State Agencies • Industry Orgs (ASHRAE) • Building Construction • A& E firms • Building Materials & Equipment Suppliers • Building Owners & Operators • ESCOs • Service Contractors • Building Manager Training • Advocacy Control Systems Insulation & Building Materials CEC HVAC UTC Glass & Glazing Systems CPUC Others High Performance Buildings Research & Implementation Center (HiPerBRIC) (Research Partnerships: LBNL, UCB, UCSB, UTC, …..) Research Prioritization Technical Prioritization SPONSORED RESEARCH TEAMS USERS Startup Companies, National Lab folks, & Academic Researchers using Facility to try out new idea/concept/technology and evaluate its performance and impact on the whole building system Indoor Environment Team Demonstration Team Buildings Design & Energy Analysis Team Integration & Building Operating Platform (BOP) Team HVAC Team Windows & Lighting Team Power Delivery & Demand Response Team Sensors, Networks, Communications Controls Team Domestic/International Policies, Regulation, Standards, Markets Natural Ventilation Team