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Chapter 13 The Roaring 20s

Chapter 13 The Roaring 20s. Section 1 A Booming Economy How did the booming economy of the 1920s lead to changes in American life?. How the automobile changed us…. Henry Ford and mass production Scientific mgt & assembly line Model T- made ownership possible

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Chapter 13 The Roaring 20s

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  1. Chapter 13 The Roaring 20s Section 1 A Booming Economy How did the booming economy of the 1920s lead to changes in American life?

  2. How the automobile changed us… • Henry Ford and mass production • Scientific mgt & assembly line • Model T- made ownership possible • Production time and cost are driven down • Wages rise & weekends off

  3. Other industries born from the car • Need for oil production • Need for roads • Need for service stations • Need for places to eat and go to • Need for a place to sleep • How did it effect people of your age group at that time?

  4. Consumer Revolution • Gotta have it…. NOW • Installment plans • Advertising and psychology • Buy stocks on margin lead to increased wealth • Leisure time increases

  5. Cities and suburbs grow • Cars lead to growth of suburbs • Cities attract workers & become more attractive • Farmers reel from the post-war drop in demand

  6. Section 2The Business of Government How did domestic and foreign policy change direction under Harding and Coolidge?

  7. President Harding’s Administration • Mellon lowered taxes and reduced spending to a point of surplus • Harding raised tariffs & practiced Laissez-faire • Hoover advanced labor and business relations

  8. Harding’s legacy of scandals • Sought advice from the “Ohio Gang” • Forbes spends, Daugherty take money • Teapot Dome, Fall take naval oil reserves and sell them. • Harding dies before public is aware

  9. Harding dies, Coolidge takes oath • Coolidge supports business by offering incentives in lower taxes • Does not address issues such as labor unrest, discrimination, racial violence • Silent Cal remains silent

  10. America’s World Role • Washington Naval Disarmament Conference; limit naval build up • Kellogg-Briand Pact; outlawed war as a solution • Dawes Plan; Loan money to Germany so Britain & France could pay us

  11. Section 3Social & Cultural Tensions How did Americans differ on major social and cultural issues?

  12. Traditionalism & Modernism Clash • Rural and Urban America splits • Urban; (modernism) • Enjoyed leisure time • Open to social change • Embraced science and secularism • Reduced emphasis on religious traditions • Emphasis on education

  13. Traditionalism • Rural; (Fundamentalism) • Christianity was under attack • Upset over increase secularism • Literal belief in the Bible • The Bible provided all answers, not science

  14. The showdown in Tennessee • Scopes “monkey” Trial • John Scopes taught Darwin’s theory of evolution in school • Clarence Darrow defended • William J. Bryan prosecution • Scopes was found guilty but the issue remains today

  15. Restricting Immigration • Nativists still oppose immigrants • Literacy test for immigrants • Fear of Socialism & Communism • Emergency Quota Act 1921 & National Origins Act 1924 both set a quota or limited the # of immigrants based on region • Mexicans not included but faced hostilities

  16. The New & Improved KKK • 1915 Stone Mt Georgia • Extended scope of hate to Jews & immigrants • Portrayed as anti-crime & immorality (Birth of A Nation) • Marched on D.C. in 1925 • Spread out of the South • Corruption lead to decline of Klan

  17. Crime increases due to Prohibition • Volstead Act provided enforcement of the 18th Amendment • Bootleggers, rum-runners, moonshiners • Speakeasies and bath tub gin • Local police rarely enforced law • Criminals like Al Capone ruled cities and were often seen as heroes

  18. Section 4: New Mass Culture • How did the new mass culture reflect technological and social changes?

  19. Changes in the work week and wages provide leisure time for many • Movies: silent stars; Charlie Chaplin, Rudolph Valentino, Mary Pickford & Lon Chaney • Al Jolson in the 1st “talkie”, The Jazz Singer • Radio & phonograph brought music and more

  20. Heroes of the Era • Sports: Babe Ruth, Red Grange, Dempsey & Bobby Jones • Aviation: Charles Lindbergh, Wiley Post, Amelia Earhart & barn-stormers

  21. New Roles for Women • Flappers: What is a flapper? • Women earn new jobs markets • Live longer & have fewer kids • Fought for Equal Rights Amendment, got it passed but not ratified

  22. Modernism in Art and Literature • Art moved towards abstract • Lost Generation: authors who were disillusioned after the horrors of WW I, lost faith in Victorian culture • Many became ex-patriots • Faulkner, Hemmingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald & Wharton gained great notoriety

  23. Section 5- Harlem Renaissance • How did African Americans express a new sense of hope and pride? • Marcus Garvey calls for separation of the races and a Back to Africa movement • Advocated Black Pride and support for black businesses only • Convicted of fraud, but message lived on

  24. The Jazz Age • Founded in the South- New Orleans • Louis Armstrong and Bessie Smith • Clubs brought the black music to whites in America, Cotton Club • Jazz bridged the gap between races • Black literature grows, McKay, Langston Hughes & Hurston • Political and cultural platform

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