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Classification

Classification. What is Classification?. Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities. Classification Groups. There is a hierarchy of groups ( taxa ) from broadest to most specific

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Classification

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  1. Classification

  2. What is Classification? • Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities

  3. Classification Groups • There is a hierarchy of groups (taxa) from broadest to most specific • The system is as follows: DOMAIN - KINGDOM – PHYLUM – CLASS – ORDER – FAMILY – GENUS – SPECIES

  4. Dumb • King • Phillip • Came • Over • For • Gooseberry • Soup!

  5. Benefits of Classifying • Accurately & uniformly names organisms • Prevents misnomers such as starfish & jellyfish that aren't really fish • Uses same language for all names

  6. Early Scientists • 2000 years ago, Aristotle was the first taxonomist • Aristotle divided organisms into plants & animals • He subdivided them by their habitat ---land, sea, or air dwellers

  7. Linnaeus1707 – 1778 • Classified organisms by their structure • Developed naming system known as binomial nomenclature • Two-word name (Genus & species)

  8. Binomial Nomenclature • First word in the organism’s scientific name is its “genus” Example: pumas, marbled cats, and house cats all classified in the genus “felis.” They share the same characteristics • Genus is always capitalized. • The second word in the organism’s scientific name is “species.” It describes a distinctive feature of the organism. It can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce. • Species is always lower case

  9. Binomial Nomenclature • “Bi” means two • “Nomen” means name • Linnaeus devised a system of naming organisms. Linnaeus placed organisms in groups based on their observable features. Each organism has a unique, two-part scientific name. This naming system is called binomial nomenclature

  10. Binomial Nomenclature • First word in the organism’s scientific name is its “genus” Example: pumas, marbled cats, and house cats all classified in the genus “felis.” They share the same characteristics • Genus is always capitalized. • The second word in the organism’s scientific name is “species.” It describes a distinctive feature of the organism. It can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce. • Species is always lower case

  11. Dichotomous Key • A dichotomous key consists of a series of two part statements that describe the characteristics of an unknown.  • At each step the user is presented with two choices.  • As the user makes a choice about a particular characteristic of an organism they are led to a new branch of the key.  • Eventually the user will be led to the name of the organism that they are trying to identify.

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