1 / 22

Topic: Classifying Matter

Topic: Classifying Matter. Which of the following is a physical change that requires energy? H 2 O (l)  H 2 (g) + O 2 (g) H 2 O (l)  H 2 O (s) H 2 O (s)  H 2 O (l) H 2 (g) + O 2 (g)  H 2 O (l). Matter. Substances. Mixtures. Heterogeneous Mixtures. Homogeneous Mixtures.

morna
Télécharger la présentation

Topic: Classifying Matter

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Topic: Classifying Matter Which of the following is a physical change that requires energy? H2O (l)  H2(g) + O2 (g) H2O (l)  H2O (s) H2O (s)  H2O(l) H2(g) + O2 (g) H2O (l)

  2. Matter Substances Mixtures Heterogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous Mixtures Compounds Elements Can it be separated by physical methods NO YES Mixtures  Separated by physical methods Compounds  Separated by chemical methods

  3. Pure Substance • Homogenous (uniform throughout) • Definite composition • Same characteristic properties regardless of source which are pure substances

  4. Element • Substance that: • cannot be broken down or decomposed into simpler substance • only 1 kind of atom • has definite properties • Formulas have 1 uppercase letter Cu Cu Cu Cu F2 F F F F

  5. Atom • smallest particle of element that retains properties of element & can undergo a chemical rxn • Atoms can be combined to form molecules (2 or more atoms) F F F F

  6. Element Song Big Bang Version sung by Sheldon

  7. Compounds • 2 or more elements chemically combined in a definite ratio • Properties are different from those of elements formed from • Only Broken into elements by chemical decomposition reaction • Formulas have 2 or more uppercase letters HCl Cl H H Cl Cl H H2O O H H O H H

  8. 2Na + Cl2 2NaCl Na = atom, element Cl2= molecule, element NaCl = molecule, compound Atoms or Molecules? Element or Compound?

  9.           Particle Diagrams Atoms of a monatomic (1) element   Molecules of a diatomic (2) element   

  10. These seven elements are always diatomic H H2 N2 O2 F2 N O F Cl2 Cl Br Br2 I I2

  11.                   Particle Diagrams Molecules of a triatomic (3) compound    Mixture: monatomic element, diatomic element, triatomic compound

  12. Mixtures • Combo of 2 or more pure substances (elements + elements) (elements + compounds) (compounds + compounds) • Physically combined not chemically combined • Each substance retains its own identity and properties

  13. Mixtures • Variable composition • No unique properties (Think of sugar and salt mixed together) • Separated by physical methods • May be homogeneous or heterogeneous

  14. Types of Mixtures • Heterogeneous: definite variation in composition, individual components visible - scatters light (can’t shine light through) Oil in water Salad dressing Granite

  15. Colloids (type of heterogeneous mix.) • Particles are suspended- they are too small to see Aerosols: solid or liquid particles in gas • Ex: Smoke/Fog: solid in a gas Gas in liquid: • Ex: whipped cream Emulsion: liquid in liquid • Ex: mayonnaise (oil suspended in water – use egg yolk to Sols: solid particles in a liquid • Ex: Milk of Magnesia (solid magnesium hydroxide in water) Gels: Liquid in solid • Ex: Quicksand: sand in water

  16. Suspensions (type of heterogeneous mix.) • Particles are larger • can be evenly distributed by mechanical means (shaking the contents) • Settle out on standing

  17. Homogeneous (aka solutions): constant composition throughout, individual components not visible • Solutions in gas & liquid phases transmit light • particles not big enough to scatter light • look translucent

  18. RECAP: Solution vs Suspension • Solutions in gas & liquid phases transmit light • particles not big enough to scatter light • look translucent • Suspensions look cloudy • particles big enough to scatter light • settle on standing

  19. Solution(homogenous) vs Suspension(heterogeneous)

  20. CuSO4(aq) Solution(homogenous) vs Suspension(heterogeneous)

  21. Heterogeneous? Or Homogeneous? Compounds? Or Elements? Solid? Liquid? Gas? Homogenous Mixture: Compounds & elements Both in liquid phase O H H H H O O H O H H O F- H H O F- F- F- H H O O F- O F- F- H H H H H H F- O O Heterogeneous Mixture: elements & elements O2 in the gas phase K in the solid phase O O O O K K K K O K K O

More Related