1. CHAPTER 10 Section 2

2. Germany’s rulers: • William I • Chancellor: Otto von Bismarck • The German Industrial Giant • Industrial giant of Europe • Dominated in chemical and electrical fields (late 1800’s) • Shipping (second in Europe)

3. Economic Progress • Spectacular growth • Iron • Coal • Discipline and education • Large work force • Large companies • Railroads • House of Krupp • Weapons and steel (sold world wide)

4. Science Government and Industry • Synthetic chemicals • Dyes • Hired trained scientists to solve technological problems in factories • 1871 state currency • banking system • railroads connected German states

5. The Iron Chancellor • Bismarck’s foreign policy goals • Keep France weak • Build strong ties with Austria and Prussia • Bismarck’s domestic policy • Erase local royalties • Crush all oppositions to the imperial state • Targeted • Catholics • Socialists

6. Campaign Against the Church • Catholics made up 1/3 of population • Bismarck distrusted the clergy

7. Bismarck launched the Kulturkampf • battle for civilization • he wanted Catholics to claim loyalty to the state not the Church • government controlled Catholic education • appointed priests • closed religious orders • expelled Jesuits from Prussia • couples had to be married by civil authorities • Bismarck lost the battle against the church • Instead of Kulturkampf making the church weaker it made the church stronger

8. Campaign against Socialism • German Marxists • Parliamentary democracy • Laws to improve the working class • Laws passed • Dissolved socialist groups • Shut down their newspapers • Ban their meetings

9. Bismarck made many changes for the working class to get them away from socialism • Health and accident insurance • Old age insurance • Retirement benefits • Plan partially worked • People still remained partial to socialism • By 1912 had major control of the Reichstag party

10. Kaiser William II • Grandson of William I • 1890 asked Bismarck to resign • Believed the right to rule came from God (Divine Right) • Set up social welfare • Public schools • Taught obedience, reading, writing & math • Made army stronger • Expanded German Navy • Looked to expand Germany overseas