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Trade Routes

Trade Routes. Silk Road Trade Indian Ocean Trade Trans Saharan Trade. What you need to know:. Climate and location of the routes typical goods and products being traded ethnicity of people involved technology and domesticated animals making it possible

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Trade Routes

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  1. Trade Routes • Silk Road Trade • Indian Ocean Trade • Trans Saharan Trade

  2. What you need to know: • Climate and location of the routes • typical goods and products being traded • ethnicity of people involved • technology and domesticated animals making it possible • religious and cultural beliefs that are also spreading • diseases and epidemics that are also spread

  3. Silk Road Central Asia steppes

  4. Silk Road • Groups involved: • Central Asian steppe nomads, pastoralists • Why did it flourish in the 7th and 8th centuries? p 336 • Why did it flourish again in the 13th? p 336 • When and why does it begin? • 100‘s B.C.E., Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty demands “heavenly horses” from steppe nomads • Exchange of products: • From east to west: Silk, spices • From Central Asia to west and east: horses and high-quality jade • From west to east: glassware, woolen and linen textiles, olive oils, wine • Method of Travel: • camel caravans

  5. Caravanserai Overnight resting place for merchants and their camels. Common along the Silk Road.

  6. Silk Road • Cultural exchange: • Zoroastrianism, Christianity and Manichaeism from west to Central Asia • monks, missionaries and pilgrims spread Buddhism from India to China • Buddhism most prominent faith of merchants 200 b.c.e. - 700 c.e. = carried to Central, East and S.E. Asia • Spread of technology: • Use of chariot warfare, mounted bowmen and the stirrup from Central Asia spreads east to China and west to the Mediterranean Region • Impact of stirrup in Europe = armored knights will dominate Feudal Europe • Impact of stirrup in China = will contribute to rise of Tang Dynasty due to their superior cavalry How did Buddhism change as it spread along the Silk Road to China? page 339

  7. More spread of technology - The qanat system Ancient irrigation system originating in Persia Spread west to Africa and east to Central Asia Allowed farming in arid, desert-like places where no rivers were found.

  8. Silk Road - the spread of diseases page 340 • Spread of pathogens (germs) for epidemics, diseases such as smallpox, measles and the bubonic plague from Central Asia to both Han Dynasty of China and Roman Empire • Results: 1/4 to 1/3 of population in both dies as a result of epidemic diseases that moved along the Silk Roads • A major factor in the collapse of the Han and Roman empires How did the spread of disease impact empires connected to the Silk Road? p 340 - 341

  9. Indian Ocean Trade

  10. Indian Ocean Trade • Regions connected by trade: • East Africa, Arabia, India, Southeast Asia and South China • Early migrations • From S.E. Asia to Madagascar • Results = bananas, yams and other S.E. Asian plants now in Africa dhow ships

  11. Climate = using monsoons triangular lateen sails without oars = Indian Ocean trireme - Greek warship = Mediterranean Sea

  12. Indian OceanExchange of Products • From Africa: Exotic animals, wood and ivory • From Persian Gulf: pearls • From India: spices • From S.E. Asia: spices and pottery obtained from China

  13. Spread of Religion • Hinduism: • From India to S.E. Asia: Java • Buddhism: • From India to S.E. Asia: Burma, Thailand, Sumatra

  14. Trans-Saharan Trade Introduction of camel domestication from Arabia by way of Egypt desert nomads From northern coast of Africa = wheat for Roman Empire From Southern part of Sahara desert = salt From equatorial forest area: palm oil, kola nuts Middlemen = farming peoples of the Sahel

  15. Climate zones of Africa Northern Africa Southern coast of Sahara Desert Sahel = coast of Sahara Equatorial forest zone

  16. What cultural and biological changes occurred as a result of long-distance trading occurring between 600 and 1450? page 334-335 • What is the name of this trade route? • What domesticated pack animals were used in this trade route? • What religion spread through this trade route?

  17. Trade in the Americas BEFORE Columbus no trade between them Why? Give 2 reasons. page 349 - 350 Which two civilizations relied more on trade: Aztec or Inca? Why? pages 353 - 354

  18. After the 600’s. . .How did the rise of Islam impact trade? • Trans-Saharan Trade and Indian Ocean trade will increase with the arrival of Muslim merchants and Muslim empires. • Muhammad was a merchant so Islamic societies will accept trade as an honorable economic activity and merchants, if honest like Muhammad, will be respected. • What civilization had an opposite view of merchants?

  19. Know the location and general features of the following cities which developed between 600 and 1450 as a result of trade : 1. Novgorod 2. Timbuktu 3. The Swahili city-states 4. Hangzhou 5. Calicut 6. Baghdad 7. Melaka 8. Venice 9. Tenochtitlan 10. Cahokia

  20. Identify important new trading cities of the 600 to1450 era. . 1 8 10 . . . 6 . . . 4 9 . 5 . 2 . . 7 . 3 Know specific details about each.

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