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This resource outlines the distinction between qualitative and quantitative observations in biological research. Qualitative observations describe qualities, such as "the cup is green," while quantitative observations provide numerical data, such as "the cup weighs 454 grams." Additionally, it explains the difference between observations and inferences, with examples highlighting how one can use sensory information to gather facts. The material also encourages practice in identifying observations and inferences to improve analytical skills in a lab setting.
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Observations Biology 1
Types of observations/research: • Qualitative: when the object is described in terms of quality. (It was green. It smelled like candy.) • Quantitative: when the object is described or measured in concrete numerical terms. (there are 30 students in my class. I ate 1 pound of potatoes.)
Determine which are qualitative and which are quantitative: • The cup had a mass of 454 grams.
Determine which are qualitative and which are quantitative: • The cup had a mass of 454 grams. Quantitative
Determine which are qualitative and which are quantitative: • The temperature outside is 25° C.
Determine which are qualitative and which are quantitative: • The temperature outside is 25° C. Quantitative
Determine which are qualitative and which are quantitative: • It is warm outside.
Determine which are qualitative and which are quantitative: • It is warm outside. Qualitative
Determine which are qualitative and which are quantitative: • The tree is 30 feet tall.
Determine which are qualitative and which are quantitative: • The tree is 30 feet tall. Quantitative
Determine which are qualitative and which are quantitative: • The building is taller than the tree.
Determine which are qualitative and which are quantitative: • The building is taller than the tree. Qualitative
When does an observation become an inference? • Observation: Using one or more of your senses to gather information and record facts. • Example: There is one projector in the room.
When does on observation become an inference? • Inference: logical interpretation based upon prior knowledge and experience. • Example: Since students are wearing coats, it must be cold outside.
In a Lab Setting • Record your data as observations and facts, NOT inferences. • Inferences can be used in your analysis and conclusion portion of your lab report.
Now, lets practice! • Observation/inference practice