1 / 9

Mutations that Cause Cancer

Mutations that Cause Cancer. Katherine Tompkins Christy Naylor. What are Oncogenes? .

naasir
Télécharger la présentation

Mutations that Cause Cancer

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Mutations that Cause Cancer Katherine Tompkins Christy Naylor

  2. What are Oncogenes? • Protooncogenes are genes that, under normal conditions, promote cell division. When these cells are mutated, they are called oncogenes and they can cause cancerous cells to divide and thus promote cancer growth.

  3. Examples of Oncogenes • erb-B-Codes for a receptor for epidermal growth factor. Involved in glioblastoma, a brain cancer, and breast cancer • erb-B2 -Also called HER-2 or neu. Involved in breast, ovarian, and salivary gland cancers • Ki-ras-Codes for a protein that relays a stimulatory signal. Involved in lung, ovarian, colon, and pancreatic cancers • N-ras -Involved in leukemias • c-Myc, N-myc, L-myc-All genes for transcription factors that activate growth- promoting genes. Involved in leukemias, breast, stomach, and lung cancers (c-Myc, L-myc); neuroblastoma (N-myc) • Bcl-1 -Codes for cyclin D1, a component of the cell cycle clock. Involved in breast as well as head and neck cancers

  4. What are Tumor Suppressor Genes? • Tumor suppressor genes are genes whose normal function is to inhibit the growth and division of abnormal cells. When these genes are mutated, abnormal cells (such as cancerous) can be allowed to divide.

  5. Examples of Tumor Suppressor Gene Mutations • DPC-4-Involved in pancreatic cancer; participates in a cytoplasmic pathway that inhibits cell division. • NF-1-Involved in neurofibromas of the nervous system and myeloid leukemia • NF-2-Involved in meningioma, schwannoma, and ependyoma of the nervous system • RB-Involved in retinoblastoma as well as bone, bladder, small cell lung, and breast cancers. • P53-Involved in a wide range of tumors. Inactive or lost in more than 50% of cancerous cells. Inheritance of p53 mutations through the germ line is also associated with the Li-Fraumeni cancer syndrome • WT1 -Involved in Wilms tumor of the kidneys • BRCA1-Involved in breast cancer and ovarian cancer • BRCA2 -Involved in breast cancer

  6. What are DNA repair genes? • DNA repair genes are genes whose normal function is to fix mutations that occur within genes. If these genes are mutated, the errors will not get corrected and will get passed on to other cells. This lack of correction can be a cause of cancer.

  7. Examples of DNA repair Mutation cancers • Acute myeloid leukemia • Malignant lymphomas • Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer

  8. Cancer Life Cycle

  9. Reference • Intouchlive.com

More Related