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ENZYME

ENZYME. Enzymes . Ezymes : Are protein molecules made by living cells Act as catalysts Speed up the rate of metabolic reaction Not chemically changed at the end of reaction Metabolism: Consists of anabolism & catabolism. General characteristics of enzymes.

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ENZYME

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  1. ENZYME

  2. Enzymes • Ezymes: • Are protein molecules made by living cells • Act as catalysts • Speed up the rate of metabolic reaction • Not chemically changed at the end of reaction • Metabolism: • Consists of anabolism & catabolism Tr.Rez@SB2013

  3. General characteristics of enzymes • speed up the rates of biochemical reaction in the cells • Only a small amount of enzyme is needed to catalyzed a lot of substrate • very specific – each class of enzyme will catalyze only one particular reaction • Not used up or destroyed in the reactions that they catalyse, but can be reused again Tr.Rez@SB2013

  4. catalysereversible reaction • Many enzymes are only able to work in the presence of a coenzyme (or cofactor) • Enzymes are affected by changes in temperature & pH Tr.Rez@SB2013

  5. Naming of enzymes • An enzyme is named by taking its substrate and adding the suffix ‘-ase’ sucrase Sucrose + water glucose + fructose Tr.Rez@SB2013

  6. Intracellular & extracellular enzyme • Intracellular enzyme: • Catalyses reactions within a cell • Formed on free ribosomes in the cytoplasm • Extracellular enzyme: • Leaves cell and catalyses reactions outside • Synthesized on ribosomes attached to rough ER Tr.Rez@SB2013

  7. Synthesized of extracellular enzyme Tr.Rez@SB2013

  8. Mechanism of enzyme reaction Enzyme substrate complex Tr.Rez@SB2013

  9. Effect of pH on enzyme Tr.Rez@SB2013

  10. Effect of temperature Tr.Rez@SB2013

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  12. Tr.Rez@SB2013

  13. The Uses of Enzyme Tr.Rez@SB2013

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