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Decoding DNA: Our Genetic Control Center

Explore the fascinating world of molecular genetics. Unravel the mechanisms of DNA replication, protein synthesis, and gene expression. Dive deep into operons, gene regulation, and the implications for embryonic development and cancer. Discover how our DNA shapes our very being.

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Decoding DNA: Our Genetic Control Center

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Molecular GeneticsAre we controlled by our DNA? Refer to pg 119-150 in Holtzclaw, Ch 16-21 in Campbell

  2. Last year... • What do you remember of DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis? DNA > mRNA > protein genetic info message action molecule mRNA processing DNA Replication Transcription Translation

  3. So What? • Making the big connections... • How many cells do you have? • Compare the DNA in each of your cells • Compare the protein products in each of your cells... • How does your body KNOW when to make some proteins and not others? • THIS is gene expression

  4. So What? • Model Organism: The Fruit Fly

  5. So What? • More flies! • - Using Gene expression to study eye development

  6. What do you think? Are you controlled by your DNA? What are the implications of studying Gene expression? • 1) Free Write (3 min) • 2) Learning Walk (5 min) • 3) No Hands Discussion (5 min)

  7. Review last year… • Learning Intentions!

  8. Gene Expression You must know: • The functions of the three parts of an operon • The role of repressor genes in operons • The impact of DNA methylation and histone acetylation on gene expression • The role of gene regulation in embryonic development and cancer.

  9. Gene Expression Rather important, don’t you think?: • The functions of the three parts of an operon • The role of repressor genes in operons • The impact of DNA methylation and histone acetylation on gene expression • The role of gene regulation in embryonic development and cancer.

  10. The Operon – p. 131 in Holtz. • What is it? • Unit of genetic function • Found in bacteria/phages/some eukaryotes • Consists of: • Promotor – site of RNA polymerase binding • Operator – controls access of RNA polymerase within the promotor • Genes of the Operon –regulated together by the operon

  11. Regulatory Genes • What do they do? • Produce repressor proteins that bind to the operator of an operon to block RNA polymerase from transcribing • Repressible Operon • Usually “on,” can be inhibited... • Inducible Operon • Usually “off,” can be induced... Let’s Make the Connections!

  12. The Try Operon – Repressible

  13. The Lac Operon – Inducible

  14. Let’s make sure we get this… • Handout… • Act Out!

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