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GRID SYSTEMS

This guide delves into the essential concepts of latitude and longitude, explaining how Earth's coordinate system works. It outlines lines of latitude, also known as parallels, which run west to east and measure north to south of the equator. It also examines lines of longitude, or meridians, that run north to south and measure east to west from the Prime Meridian. The document defines low, middle, and high latitudes, discusses the significance of various global lines such as the Tropic of Cancer, and provides insights into the structure of hemispheres.

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GRID SYSTEMS

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  1. GRID SYSTEMS

  2. 1. Gazetteer

  3. 2. Latitude and Longitude SPHERE • Earth is a ________ • 360 in a ________ CIRCLE

  4. Lines of Latitude → __________ • Lines run _____ to _____ but measure ______ to ______ of the … • Equator = __ • North Pole = __N • South Pole = ___S • All lines of latitude must be numbered betw. __& ___ • Usually shown in 10 intervals PARALLELS EAST WEST NORTH SOUTH 0 90 90 0 90

  5. Low, Middle, & High Latitudes • Low Latitudes = __⁰ to __⁰ North & South • Middle Latitudes = __⁰ to __⁰ North & South • High Latitudes = __⁰ to __⁰ North & South 0 30 30 60 60 90

  6. Lines of Longitude → _________ • Lines run ______ to _____ but measure _____ to _____of the … • Prime Meridian = __ (________, England) = Starting Point • 180⁰ approx. = _________ ____ _____ • All lines of longitude must be numbered betw. __⁰ & ___⁰ • Usually shown in 15 intervals. MERIDIANS NORTH SOUTH EAST WEST 0 Greenwich International Date Line 0 180

  7. 3. Degrees: • Degree of latitude = Apprx. __ miles • Degree of longitude = Apprx. __ miles at the equator but gets smaller as you move toward the poles • 1 degree = __ minutes • 1 minute = __ seconds (Distance NOT time) 69 69 60 60

  8. 4. Hemispheres: • a. 0 to 90N → ________ Hemisphere • b. 0 to 90S → ________ Hemisphere • c. 0 to 180E → ________ Hemisphere • d. 0 to 180W → ________ Hemisphere • All points on the Earth are in at least two hemispheres Northern Southern Eastern Western

  9. Other Important Lines • Tropic of Cancer 23 ½⁰ North • Tropic of Capricorn 23 ½⁰ South • Arctic Circle 66 ½⁰ North • Antarctic Circle 66 ½⁰ South

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