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Communication Systems for smart grid systems

Communication Systems for smart grid systems. Ashok Chandak Sr. Director , NXP Semiconductors. Wi-Fi (internet). IEEE802.11x. Bluetooth (short-range voice). IEEE802.15.1. WSNs ( hundreds of applications). IEEE802.15.4. The Wireless Sensor Network Revolution.

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Communication Systems for smart grid systems

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  1. Communication Systems for smart grid systems Ashok Chandak Sr. Director , NXP Semiconductors

  2. Wi-Fi (internet) IEEE802.11x Bluetooth (short-range voice) IEEE802.15.1 WSNs (hundreds of applications) IEEE802.15.4 The Wireless Sensor Network Revolution • Standards-based wireless systems become pervasive:- • New standards catalyze market growth Global Standards Inter-operatability Platform approach Future readyness End to End Solution Power 3G UWB (usb2 cable replacement) GPRS NFC Speed 1 Mbps 11-54 Mbps 200+ Mbps 250 kbps

  3. IEEE-802.15.4 RF Bands

  4. Markets Lighting Street Lighting, better maintenance and lower C02/cost Commercial lighting, lower operating cost and C02 Consumer lighting, improved control functionality Smart Energy Domestic and industrial metering and load control Devices include Smart Meters, In-Premises Displays, programmable thermostats, demand response and load controller Consumer RF control means devices can be out of sight, e.g. media servers, set-top boxes etc New features like 2-way communication for program guides, album art etc on the remote control Home and Building Automation Low cost wireless deployment of sensors for improved monitoring and control – lower operating costs and CO2 E.g. temperature, humidity, air-conditioning control etc Energy saving, load control and demand response Asset Tagging Tracking of goods reduces errors and improves efficiency Long battery-life for tags Low-cost tag and reader implementations

  5. Open Platform Architecture Real Time Computing Low power MCU family Standard interfaces Internet / Cloud centric Services Quasi industry standard HW abstraction Radio Communication pipe NFC interface Hardware security Transparent, robust Inter-processor communication

  6. Network Overview Mobile Network GPRS / GSM Smart Elec. IP Network NXP particiption ZigBee Web Application Smart Elec. Data centers Smart Elec. Utility Backend GE-PON Network Concentrator Concentrator ZigBee • Bill entity • Distribution network • Law enforcement • Added value services… Smart Elec. Smart Elec.

  7. Zigbee • (Jennic) • Data Collection Unit • (DCU) • GSM/GPRS • Power Line • Communication • M-Bus Smart Meter Building Blocks(with Connectivity modules) Power Supply Authentication / Contactless Reader UART Metrology Engine int. ADC ISENSE VSENSE int. Real Time Clock Memory ext. Analog Front End ISENSE int. LCD Driver i2c /spi VSENSE Optional, if not integrated Other NXP products ext. Real Time Clock ext. LCD Driver Logic Cap sense Standard Products Load

  8. LPRF ZigBee Smart Energy ZigBee Smart Energy Profile 1.x • Currently published standard is Smart Energy 1.1 • Based on ZigBee PRO • Device List: • Energy Service portal (ESI) • Meter: Electricity, Water and Gas • In-Premise Display (IPD/IHD) • Load Control and Demand Response (LC&DR) • Programmable Communicating Thermostat (PCT) • Smart Appliance • Range Extender • Prepayment Terminal • Established standard in the US ( 40 Mn+) • UK Smart Metering programme under European Initiative 20/20/20. • MSEB, Reliance Energy, British Gas, etc...

  9. LPRF ZigBee Smart Energy ZigBee PRO Smart Energy 1.x Security • The Smart Energy Profile uses two levels of security • Network Layer Security • Standard Security • Pre-shared network key • Network level encryption is achieved using acommon network key • Link keys are supported • Application Layer Security • Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) • Public key establishment – required only for SE profile • Symmetric keys established with certificate-based public key cryptography • The application security layer prohibits nodes with other profiles to join an SE network ECC Libraries from Certicom are included in NXP’s JN5148 tool chain Customer Application ECC Security Application Profiles ZigBee Cluster Library Application Support Layer Management Plane ZigBee Network Layer IEEE802.15.4 MAC IEEE802.15.4 PHY

  10. Device example : JN516x Functional Overview • 3 variants in QFN40 package • JN5161/001: 64kB Flash, 8kB RAM, 4kB EEPROM • JN5164/001: 160kB Flash, 32kB RAM, 4kB EEPROM • JN5168/001: 256kB Flash, 32kB RAM, 4kB EEPROM • Class leading operating current • 16mA TX (2.5dBm), 17.5mA RX, • Low sleep currents • 0.5uA sleep timer, • 1uA with sleep timer & RAM held • 100nA deep sleep with interrupt wake up • +2.5dBm output power • Just 16mA TX current • 32-bit RISC CPU and radio as JN514x • Much higher code density than typical 80C51 • Up to 32MIPS with programmable clock rate • 98dB link budget • Extensive peripherals

  11. JN516x Key product features • In packet Antenna diversity • Can choose best antenna on every packet received • TX diversity on retry also available • +2.5dBm output power • 32-bit CPU for price of 8-bit • Time of Flight function for long distance ranging • Low power pulse counters for metering applications • 1 full timer and 4 additional PWM generators • IR pattern generator for IR remote control functionality • Up to 20 DIO • 4 input 10-bit ADC with DMA function up to 2k samples • I2C Master/Slave • SPI Master/slave with 3 selects • Watchdog & POR

  12. ATOP- Open Platform Architecture

  13. LPRF ZigBee Smart Energy Load Control Device – Smart Plug • The Load Control Device uses the following Clusters to implement an Smart Plug: - • Key Establishment - Client & Server • DR / Load Control - Client • Price - Client • Time - Client • The Load Control and Demand Response device supports following features: • Remote device turn-off to protect the grid from overload • On/Off based on pricing information from the utility • Load Control Opt-In / Opt-Out support • Energy consumption measurement

  14. LPRF ZigBee Smart Energy Energy Monitoring Screen Time Cluster to synchronise time with meter Battery Level Indicator using JN5148 on-chip battery monitor Power bar shows instant energy consumption Instant energy consumption and current tariff Signal Strength Indication Mode button allows user to toggle Between KwH, Price and CO2 Configuration Info Consumption History Pricing Information

  15. USB Dongle Designs • IEEE802.15.4 USB Dongle (JN-RD-6023) • JN5148 module with integrated RF Ceramic Antenna • USB 2.0 Full-Speed Compatible • Tx Power 1.5dBm, Rx Sensitivity -91dBm • Tx Current 31mA, Rx Current 32mA • Single LED, Serial Flash and 32KHz Crystal Oscillator • IEEE802.15.4 USB Expansion Board (JN-RD-6026) • Accommodates JN5148 module range • 2x general purpose switches and LEDs • 2x 20way Expansion connector to access all analogue and digital peripherals • Options to fit 32KHz Clock / Crystal and additional Flash

  16. Low-Cost SE1.x IPD Reference Design • Standard Plastics and LCD • Custom PCB design • Daughter boardfor antenna and switches • Shows • Display kW, Cost, Time,Temperature • kWh and CO2 • (JN-RD-6028 - Low Cost IPD)

  17. ZigBee SE 1.x Load Control and Non-billing Metering • ZigBee Smart Plug Application Note: • EM773 Metrology S/W and H/W integrated to JN5148-EM • JN5148 Module replaced with JN5148-EM chip with 20dBm output • USB transceiver with LPC1343 and JN5148 ZigBee SE1.x USB Adapter ZigBee SE1.xCommunication Single ChipIntegration! JN5148

  18. RF4CE • Remote control board • With example application • Switches and display • USB dongle • PC interface • Example application • Full documentation • Controls Windows Media Player • Full unrestricted SDK • RF4CE & Hardware peripheral libraries • SDK free of charge

  19. Lighting Reference Designs

  20. Thank You!

  21. IEEE 802.15.4 – Key Characteristics Networks based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard have the following features: • Low power consumption • Low data rate • Low complexity • Low cost • Short range radio communication • Use of unlicensed radio bands • Secure communications • Large networks with 100s of nodes

  22. Channels and Data Rates • IEEE 802.15.4 radio frequency bands: • 868 MHz • 915 MHz • 2,400 MHz • Bands have different: • data rates • number of channels • unlicensed geographical areas • Channels are numbered 0 - 26 • Same numbering scheme is used through the three bands

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