Culture

1. Culture Diversity Literacy Week 7 Prepared by Claire Kelly

2. Prepared by Claire Kelly • Use: Miller, H.M. (1956) Body ritual among the Nacirema. American Anthropologist, 58 (June),503-507. • Insert: pictures of stereotypical notion of who has culture. For example the Masai: • https://s3.amazonaws.com/adventure_collection/images/search_headers/activity_interests/main_culture_history_ruins.jpg “They have culture, we have psychology.” (Rosaldo, 1989)

3. Culture…. Prepared by Claire Kelly …is a system of patterned values, meanings, and beliefs that give cognitive structure to the world, provide a basis for coordinating and controlling human interactions, and constitute a link as the system is transmitted from one generation to the next (Berger and Luckmann, in Smelser, 1992, p. 11). …is a set of expressive symbols of ethos – a worldviewconstructed through active human interaction(Eisenstadt, 1992, p. 65). …exists only in its variations and transitions. Culture in itself, then, is the result of past, present, and future processes of creolisation (Wicker, 1997, p. 38). etc.

4. Of continuities and changes… (Appiah) Prepared by Claire Kelly “What makes a cultural expression authentic?” (p. 107) “…trying to find some primordially authentic culture can be like peeling an onion…” (p. 108) “Cultures are made of continuities and changes…” (p.108) “Cultural purity is an oxymoron” (p. 113)

5. Cultural imperialism… (Appiah) Prepared by Claire Kelly Cultural imperialism as the consumption of cultural products made available by a world system of capitalism “…it is the imagery and cultural perspectives of the ruling sector in the center that shape and structure the consciousness throughout the system at large.” (p. 108) “Passive vessels” and “dupes”? (p. 110) Local expression of global flows….

6. Japanese “Ganguro” Prepared by Claire Kelly • Insert: pictures of Japanese “Ganguro” (Ganguro literally means “black face”) • www.youtube.com/watch?v=MjnCrz-fBFw • http://www.blogofasia.com/wp-content/uploads/ganguro.jpg • http://farm1.static.flickr.com/57/156878386_cea5706922.jpg • http://japanesefashiontrends.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/854615336_a4d54a1ea5.jpg • “ganganguro”:exceptionally dark

7. Culture Prepared by Claire Kelly • What do the Appiahand Cornyetzarticles illustrate about culture? • Culture is… • everyday • globalised / local articulations • consumption • fluid & contested • racialised • gendered • infused with power relations

8. Prepared by Claire Kelly • “Cultural identity is a matter of becoming as well a being.... Cultural identities come from somewhere, have histories. But like everything which is historical they undergo constant transformation. Far from being externally fixed in some essentialised past, they are subject to the continuous 'play' of history, culture and power”. (Stuart Hall, 1990, p. 394)

9. Extra references used Prepared by Claire Kelly • Eisenstadt, S. N. (1992). The Order- Maintaining and Order- Transforming Dimensions of Culture. In R. Münch & N. J. Smelser (Eds.), Theory of culture. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. [64-87] • Hall, S. (1990) Cultural identity and disapora. In J. Rutherford, J. (Ed.) Identity, culture, difference (pp.392-403). London: Lawrence and Wishart. • Miller, H.M. (1956) Body ritual among the Nacirema. American Anthropologist, 58 (June),503-507. • Rosaldo, R. (1989). Border crossings. In Culture and truth: The remaking of social analysis. Boston: Beacon Press. [196-217] • Smelser, N. J. (1992). Culture – Coherent or Incoherent. In R. Münch & N. J. Smelser (Eds.), Theory of culture. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. [3-28] • Wicker, R. (1997). From Complex Culture to Cultural Complexity. In P. Webner & T. Modood (Eds.), Debating cultural hybridity: Multicultural identities and the politics of anti-racism. London: Zed Books. [29-45]