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Classification

Classification. Taxonomy-the science of grouping or classifying organisms. History. Aristotle the 1st taxonomist Greek philosopher 2400 years ago used 2 major groups: plants and animals broke animals into 3 groups: air, water, or land dwellers. Carolus Linnaeus

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Classification

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  1. Classification Taxonomy-the science of grouping or classifying organisms

  2. History • Aristotle • the 1st taxonomist • Greek philosopher 2400 years ago • used 2 major groups: plants and animals • broke animals into 3 groups: air, water, or land dwellers

  3. Carolus Linnaeus • Founder of modern taxonomy • 1700’s • Developed binomial nomenclature based on structural simularities

  4. Today • Common name=dog • Scientific name=Canis familiaris

  5. Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species King Philip called out for green salad Linnaeus’s 7 hierarchal categories

  6. Besides structural simularities… • …there are other pieces of information we can use to classify organisms.

  7. 1. Cell structure • Is the organism made of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells?

  8. 2. Fossil information • Organisms that existed years ago have similarities of those existing today.

  9. 3. Embryo studies • Similarities in embryological development often lead to similar groupings in taxonomy.

  10. 4. Biochemical similarities • DNA!

  11. 5. Behavioral characteristics • Apes and humans belong to the same family.

  12. Dichotomous key activity

  13. Ch 7 questions • 1) What is the name of the scientist who developed our current system of nomenclature? • 2) Define: taxonomy, binomial nomenclature, eukaryotic, prokaryotic, autotrophic, heterotrophic, taxonomic key, dichotomous • 3) List the 6 kingdoms. • 4) Make a chart that lists: a) each kingdom b) prokaryotic or eukaryotic c) autotrophic or heterotrophic d) unicellular or multicellular e) examples for each • 5) What is the modern definition of species?

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