The Great Century

1. History Class 2013-14:Britain in the 1800's and the Industrial Revolution Friday, October 18 Presenter: Pastor Jerry Platz, Berkshire First Congregational Church The Great Century Empires,Ideas, and the RevitalizedExpansion of Christianity

2. The Great Century • (The years of the nineteenth century, 1815 - 1914) “constituted the greatest century which Christianity had thus far known.” • — Kenneth Scott Latorette A History of Christianity (1953) The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

3. Empires … • French Empire — Emperor Napoleon • British Empire — Queen Victoria The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

4. The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity 1: Empires The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

5. French Revolution and Empire Began in 1789 Napoleon became brilliant general Rapidly attacked and defeated other countries near and far. Elected Consul (dictator) in 1802 Emperor in 1804 Conquered most of Europe by 1812 The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

6. Map 1799 Napoleon’s Empire The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

7. Map 1812 +allies Napoleon’s Empire The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

8. Map 1812 +Napoleon’s invasion of Russia Napoleon’s Empire The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

9. Napoleon’s Empire Crumbled • Napoleon was Defeated, forced to abdicate in 1814 • Escaped, was finally defeated again at Waterloo by the British, 1815 • Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) restored former monarchs and boundaries for the victors. The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

10. Napoleon’s Legacy • Napoleonic Code -> law and order • Centralized government • Inspiration across Europe to pursue revolution and nationalism, later in the 1800’s (esp. 1848!) • Demoted the Catholic Church’s role in France. The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

11. British Empire and Queen Victoria • Starting 1815, no “great” wars for the next 99 years. • Victoria became Queen in 1837 – reigned over 63 years, until 1901. • A time of relative peace, prosperity and growth in Britain The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

12. Growth of the British Empire • 1815 The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

13. Growth of the British Empire • 1842 The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

14. Growth of the British Empire • 1900 The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

15. Growth of the British Empire • Aided by accumulating wealth in Great Britain • Aided by British Naval Dominance • Driven by accumulation of wealth by companies (British East India Company, etc.) • Driven by desire to protect trade routes (Suez Canal, critical islands and ports) The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

16. Growth of the British Empire • Driven by Christian social conscience • ExampleDavid Livingstone, explorer with a “Christian” conscience • Question: how do you stop the slave trading going on between tribes and Arabs and Europeans in Africa? The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

17. Some Good Motives for Empire • Queen Victoria’s Diamond (60 yr) Jubilee • Kipling’s Poems The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

18. Some Good Motives for Empire • White Man’s Burden • Take up the White Man's burden, Send forth the best ye breed
  Go bind your sons to exile To serve your captives' need;
To wait in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild--
  Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half-devil and half-child. The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

19. Some Good Motives for Empire • White Man’s Burden • Take up the White Man's burden, Send forth the best ye breed
  Go bind your sons to exile To serve your captives' need;
To wait in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild--
  Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half-devil and half-child. The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

20. Some Good Motives for Empire • Recessional • God of our fathers, known of old—
Lord of our far-flung battle line—
Beneath whose awful hand we hold
Dominion over palm and pine—
Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet,
Lest we forget—lest we forget!
 The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

21. Some Good Motives for Empire The tumult and the shouting dies—
The Captains and the Kings depart—
Still stands Thine ancient sacrifice,
An humble and a contrite heart.
Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet,
Lest we forget—lest we forget! The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

22. Some Good Motives for Empire • Far-called our navies melt away—
On dune and headland sinks the fire—
Lo, all our pomp of yesterday
Is one with Nineveh and Tyre!
Judge of the Nations, spare us yet,
Lest we forget—lest we forget!
 The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

23. Some Good Motives for Empire • If, drunk with sight of power, we loose
Wild tongues that have not Thee in awe—
Such boastings as the Gentiles use,
Or lesser breeds without the Law—
Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet,
Lest we forget—lest we forget! The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

24. Some Good Motives for Empire • For heathen heart that puts her trust
In reeking tube and iron shard—
All valiant dust that builds on dust,
And guarding calls not Thee to guard.
For frantic boast and foolish word,
Thy Mercy on Thy People, Lord!
Amen. The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

25. The Great Century:EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity 2: IDEAS The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

26. Ideas … • Exploration & Science • Naturalism • Scienticism • Challenge of Darwin – Theory of Evolution • Geology & Astronomy - vs. Creation • Modernism The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

27. Ideas … • Technology & Industry Transforming Everyday Life • Accumulation of Wealth • Transformation from rural to industrial Society • New Inventions • New Possessions The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

28. Ideas … • Belief in Progress, • Finding a Better Life, • Migration to Cities and Foreign Lands The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

29. Ideas … • Cultural, Political, Social Revolution • Christian Worldview brought concern to radically change the injustices • French Revolution: The Rights of Man, and of Citizens; Republic • Marx: Socialism • Labor Movements The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

30. Ideas … • Nationalism • Modern Nations with Popular identity emerge from the provincial chaos of Europe • Esp., Germany The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

31. Nationalism: Europe in 1871 The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

32. Ideas … • Separation of Church and State • Napoleon and the Catholic Church • The Pope versus the confiscation of Church territories and privileges • Loss of official “state church” status in many nations The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

33. Ideas • Summary: The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

34. The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity 3: Expansion of Revitalized Christianity The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

35. Expansion of Revitalized Christianity • Revivals in all major branches of Christianity • Roman Catholicism • Eastern Orthodoxy • Protestantism The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

36. Protestant Revival Movements in Britain • Concern for Orthodoxy vs. Liberalism • Resurgence of “high church” culture in Church of England • Pietism • Revivals • Evangelicals • Hymns • Social Action The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

37. Charles Spurgeon • Most famous Baptist preacher • Over 5000 attended services at Metropolitan Tabernacle The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

38. Others • D. L. Moody • William Booth – Salvation Army • YMCA, YWCA • Queen Victoria – genuinely devout! The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

39. Worldwide Missions • Enabled by Pax Britannica • Travel by sea relatively easy and safe • News from around the world and Empire of the needs for missionaries • Hudson Taylor and “inland” missions • Student Volunteer Movement • Mushrooming numbers of missionaries sent abroad The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

40. Expansion of Revitalized Christianity • “In the nineteenth century, Christianity became more widely spread geographically than it or any other faith had every been. This spread was in connection with the expansion of European peoples” — Kenneth Scott Latorette A History of Christianity (1953) The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity

41. History Class 2013-14:Britain in the 1800's and the Industrial Revolution Friday, October 18 Presenter: Pastor Jerry Platz, Berkshire First Congregational Church The Great Century Empires,Ideas, and the RevitalizedExpansion of Christianity

42. The Great Century: EMPIRES, IDEAS, and the EXPANSION of Christianity