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Understanding Gas Stoichiometry: Reactions and Calculations at STP

This chapter delves into gas stoichiometry, focusing on calculations involving reactions at standard temperature and pressure (STP). It covers examples such as the production of bromine gas from potassium bromide and chlorine gas, reactions between aluminum and oxygen, and the calculation of chlorine gas needed to react with hydrogen gas to produce hydrogen chloride. The chapter emphasizes practical applications and shortcuts in volume-volume calculations, making it an essential resource for students in chemistry.

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Understanding Gas Stoichiometry: Reactions and Calculations at STP

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  1. Chapter 19 Gas Stoichiometry

  2. If an excess of chlorine gas reacts with a solution containing 20.0g of potassium bromide how many cm3 of bromine gas can be produced at STP? 2KBr + Cl2 → Br2 + 2KCl 1 mol Br2 20.0g KBr mol KBr 22.4 dm3 1000 cm3 = 1880 cm3 119g KBr 2 mol KBr 1 mol Br2 1 dm3

  3. In the reaction between aluminum and oxygen, how many grams of aluminum are needed to react with 5.00 dm3 of oxygen at STP? 4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3 5.00 dm3 O2 mol O2 4 mol Al 27.0 g = 8.04 g 22.4 dm3 3 mol O2 mol Al

  4. How many cm3 of chlorine gas are required to react with hydrogen gas to produce 50.0 cm3 of hydrogen chloride gas at STP? H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl • This is a volume – volume calculation. • We can use a shortcut for these type of calculations. 1 cm3 Cl2 50.0cm3 HCl = 25.0 cm3 2 cm3 HCl

  5. Homework • Worksheet: Gas Stoichiometry • Lab Summary: “Molecular Mass of a Gas”

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