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Research Methods in MIS: More on Measurement Scales. Dr. Deepak Khazanchi. What is Scaling?. Assigning numbers to indicants of the properties of objects. Rating Scales Ranking Scales Categorization
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Research Methods in MIS: More on Measurement Scales Dr. Deepak Khazanchi
What is Scaling? • Assigning numbers to indicants of the properties of objects
Rating Scales Ranking Scales Categorization Rating or Ranking scales are useful for quantifying dimensions that are essentially qualitative. Types of Response Scales
Simple category Multiple choice, single response Multiple choice, multiple response Likert scale Semantic differential Numerical Multiple rating Fixed sum Stapel Graphic rating Types of Rating Scales
Rating Scale Errors to Avoid • Leniency- occurs when a respondent is either an “easy rater” or a “hard rater” • Negative Leniency • Positive Leniency • Central Tendency • Occurs when raters are reluctant to give extreme judgments. • Halo Effect • Occurs when rater carries over a generalized impression of the subject from one rating to another.
Types of Ranking Scales • Paired-comparison • Respondent chooses between pairs of objects. • Forced Ranking • Respondent are asked to rank attributes relative to one another. • Comparative • Overall assessment relative to another similar object. • “Compared with your previous DSS application, the new one is”: superior (1), about the same (2), inferior (3).
Dimensions of a Scale • Unidimensional • Multidimensional
Scale Design Techniques • Arbitrary scaling • Consensus scaling • Item Analysis scaling • Cumulative scales • Factor scales