1 / 20

The Seventies and Eighties

The Seventies and Eighties. Nixon’s Presidency. New Federalism – idea was to give power back to states Used Revenue Sharing and Block Grants (US gov’t provided funds, but let States run programs such as Medicaid) A reaction to New Deal, Great Society Growth of Federal Gov’t

nenet
Télécharger la présentation

The Seventies and Eighties

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Seventies and Eighties

  2. Nixon’s Presidency • New Federalism – idea was to give power back to states • Used Revenue Sharing and Block Grants (US gov’t provided funds, but let States run programs such as Medicaid) • A reaction to New Deal, Great Society Growth of Federal Gov’t • Southern Strategy – tried to attract Southern votes • 1968 election George Wallace won several states as 3rd party • Nixon pushed to slow integration and forced bussing • Nominated more conservatives to Supreme Court • Planned worked – from 1972 on, Deep South votes Republican unless Democrats run a Southerner (Carter, Clinton)

  3. The Burger Court • 1969, Chief Justice Earl Warren Resigns • Replaced by Warren Burger • Swainn v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg School Board (1973) • Upheld forced bussing for Integration of schools • Furman v. Georgia (1972) • Capital punishment ended as it was then. • What was the problem? • Gregg v. Georgia (1976) allows it again • Roe v. Wade (1973) - Abortion

  4. Nixon’s Foreign Policy • Nixon Doctrine – based more on power than principles • Sometimes refer to as the “imperial presidency” • Led by Henry Kissinger (“Real Politek – more practical) • Détente – easing of Cold War tensions • Ping-Pong diplomacy • Nixon is first President to visit China and USSR • How did he use the rivalry between the two powers to his advantage? • 1972, U.S. officially recognizes (Red) China and they are added to U.N.

  5. Nixon Foreign Policy II • Vietnam • “Vietnamization” • Paris Accords in 1973 • SALT • Strategic Arms Limitations Talks • Treaty with USSR to limit missiles • Nixon Foreign legacy • Even critics agree that his policies had enhanced world peace

  6. 1972 Election • Democrats nominate George McGovern • Very liberal • Think back to 1964 and Goldwater • How do Americans like extremes? • Nixon wins in a major Landslide (520-17) • What does this say about Americans their view of him after 4 years? • Soon after his VP Spiro Agnew will resign • According to 25th Amendment rules, he is replaced

  7. Watergate • During 1972 elections, “Plumbers” broke into DNC headquarters at the Watergate Hotel. • Journalists Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein investigate • Found some were part of CREEP – Committee to Reelect the President. • Nixon claimed “Executive Privilege” • Had to release the tape according to US v. Nixon • Cover-up does Nixon in and he resigns in August 1974

  8. Watergate effects • President Ford ultimately grants Nixon a full pardon. • Between Vietnam and Watergate, trust in government deeply damaged. • View of the Presidency changes after Watergate.

  9. 1970s Stagflation • Begins with Nixon, but continues with Ford and Carter • Stagflation = High inflation + High unemployment • Nixon tried price and wage freezes in 1971 • Deindustrialization effects • Energy Crisis effects • OPEC – Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries • Would raise oil prices multiple times in 1970s (starts after Yom Kippur War) Gas lines

  10. 1976 • Bicentennial celebration • 1976 Election • Rep – Ford • Dem – Carter • Ford still has the effects of the Pardon. • Carter seen as an outsider from Washington DC • Carter creates “misery index” that basically measures stagflation.

  11. Was there anything good in the 70s? • Carter best known for promoting Human Rights • SALT II – continued reduction of nuclear weapons • Camp David Accords - 1978 • Carter conducts peace talks between Egypt (Sadat) and Israel (Begin)

  12. Carter and bad times • Panama Canal Treaty • Debate over returning Canal to Panama • Three Mile Island 1979 • Worst nuclear accident in U.S. History • Love Canal – community built on toxic waste • Iran Hostage Crisis • U.S. Embassy attacked by Khomeini supporters • 52 Americans taken hostage • Rescue mission fails • Held for 444 days (Reagan Inauguration day) • 1980 Summer Olympics • USSR invades Afghanistan • Carter decides to cancel U.S. participation in Moscow Games

  13. Carter and Economics • Stagflation continues • Interest Rates continue to rise • Inflation 14% in 1980 • National Energy Act • Meant to help U.S.’s dependence on foreign oil • Malaise Speech by Carter about the energy crisis

  14. 1980 Election • Carter’s “misery index” used against him • Republican – Reagan • Former actor and California governor considered outsider (Watergate effect continues)

  15. Reaganomics • 1. Budget Cuts to Social Programs • 2. Tax Cuts – Trickle-Down Economics • Supply-side economics • 3. Increase Military Spending • SDI – Strategic Defense Initiative (Star Wars) • Effects • Cold War ultimately won • National Debt climbs • Economy improves • Reagan = Telfon President

  16. Morning Again • Economy improves in early 1980s • Grenada Invasion • Reagan’s meeting with Gorbachev (USSR) • Sandra Day O’Connor’s appointment • 1984 Election

  17. What was being ignored in the 80s? • Rising crime and homelessness • Factory jobs going overseas • AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) • Appears in early 1980s • What does Reagan administration do? • What is the effect on the sexual revolution? • Savings and Loans Crisis • In part due to Reagan’s Deregulation • Leads to Recession in early ’90s • Who gets blamed?

  18. Foreign Affairs • Problems in Latin America during the 80s • 1983 Terrorists bombing in Beirut (241 Marines killed) • 1986 U.S. bombs Libya • 1989 U.S. invades Panama and capture Manuel Noriega • Iran-Contra Scandal – sale of weapons to Iran, money given to Contras in Nicaragua (against Sandinistas) • Does Reagan get blamed?

  19. End of the Eighties • 1988 Election • Rep – George H.W. Bush (Reagan’s VP) • Dem – Michael Dukakis • 1989 Tiananmen Square in China • Fall of Communism

More Related