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Understanding Census Geography: Levels, Maps, and Data Applications

This overview presents the various geographic levels of the U.S. Census, information on the different geographic components, and how to work with census data using tools like GeoDjango and Fusion Tables. Key levels include Block, Block Group, Tract, County, and State, along with other groupings like Places and Core Based Statistical Areas. The session discusses shapefiles, gazetteers, and the importance of understanding geographic changes over time. You'll learn about tools for visualizing population changes and exporting data for analysis.

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Understanding Census Geography: Levels, Maps, and Data Applications

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Census Geography: Maps & Apps • Joe Germuska • NewsApps Developer • Chicago Tribune 0:00

  2. Census Geographies http://www.census.gov/geo/www/geodiagram.pdf 1:30

  3. SUMLEV 3:03

  4. Key Summary Levels • Block (~ 8M): basis for all tabulated data • Block Group (~211K): smallest geography for which sample data is published • Tract (~74K): relatively permanent; 1200-8000 people (optimum: 4000) • County (3,143) • State (52) • Division (9) • Region (4) • Nation (1) (and then there are the “Island Areas”) 4:57

  5. Other Groupings • Place (7,438): Incorporated and Census Designated (CDP) • County Subdivision (36,642) • Core Based Statistical Areas (942) 7:20

  6. Geographic Components • about 100 different geographic components, with most focusing on urban/rural or metropolitan/non-metropolitan distinctions • Nation • Region • Division • State • CBSA 9:00

  7. TIGER Shapefiles 9:46

  8. Shapefiles • In addition to tabulation geographies: • Roads • Hydrography • Landmarks • Military Installations 10:40

  9. Gazetteer • Delimited text files provide IDs, names, area, centroid for: • 111th Congressional Districts • Census Tracts • Counties • County Subdivisions • School Districts - Elementary, Secondary, Unified • State Legislative Districts - Lower & Upper • Places • ZIP Code Tabulation Areas • GeoID not always exact match for shapefile (prefix, etc) 11:10

  10. Keep in Mind • Geos can change between “vintages”: compare with caution. Consult “crosswalk” • Know which geos are contained by larger geos and which can “overlap” • Choose your summary level carefully • 080 “Census Tract” ≠ 140 “Census Tract” • Exercise extreme caution when aggregating to non-census geographies 11:50

  11. Population Change Map 14:54

  12. WNYC Map 15:28

  13. Know Spokane 15:35

  14. Options 15:44

  15. Tile Mill 16:17

  16. Tile Mill • Can be entirely hosted on any simple web server (Amazon S3) • Tile generation can be slow, especially for close zoom levels • Evolving rapidly, especially interactivity 18:14

  17. Fusion Tables 19:33

  18. Fusion Tables • Can import KML for shapes, sometimes data • More often, KML for shapes, then join with data • Easy to embed 20:10

  19. GeoDjango 21:02

  20. GeoDjango • Highly customizable • Well-documented, healthy user community • Hosting adds extra layer of complexity 21:37

  21. 22:32

  22. 23:45

  23. 24:00

  24. 24:04

  25. 24:15

  26. census.ire.org • Browse and compare • Correctly computed changes since 2010 • Export as CSV, JSON, KML • JSON available for web apps 26:30

  27. Example JSON datahttp://…/15/1571550.jsonp* 27:12

  28. You can join the fun • CENSUS-L » http://www.ire.org/join/listserv.html • https://github.com/ireapps/census 29:17

  29. Questions? • Links for this presentation: • http://j.mp/muCTyM • http://blog.apps.chicagotribune.com • Twitter: • @JoeGermuska • @TribApps 32:07

  30. Links • Census Geographic Resources • http://www.census.gov/geo/www/tiger/tgrshp2010/tgrshp2010.html • http://www.census.gov/geo/www/2010census/gtc_10.html • http://www.census.gov/geo/www/2010census/GTC_10.pdf • Example Apps • http://media.apps.chicagotribune.com/census-2010/population-change/index.html • http://data.spokesman.com/census/2010/washington/ • http://project.wnyc.org/census-maps/2010pop.html • How-tos: • http://blog.apps.chicagotribune.com/2010/02/17/quick-install-pythonpostgis-geo-stack-on-snow-leopard/ • http://blog.apps.chicagotribune.com/2011/03/08/making-maps-1/ • http://blog.apps.chicagotribune.com/2010/02/17/hello-newsroom-a-simple-geodjango-application/ • http://www.ire.org/census/ • https://github.com/ireapps/census • http://www.ire.org/join/listserv.html 32:17

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