The Human Body in Health and Disease Chapter 2
Anatomic Reference Systems • Describe the location and functions of bodyparts using: • Body planes • Body directions • Body cavities • Structural units (continues)
Anatomic Reference Systems (continues)
Anatomic Reference Systems (continues)
Anatomic Reference Systems (continues)
Body Planes Click Here to play Body Planes animation
Anatomic Reference Systems (continues)
Anatomic Reference Systems (continues)
Anatomic Reference Systems
Cytology • The study of the formation, structure, andfunction of cells, including: • Chromosomes • DNA • Genetics (continues)
Cytology
Histology • The study of tissues, which are composed of cells that join together to perform specificfunctions, including: • Stem cells • Epithelial tissues • Connective tissues • Muscle tissue
Glands • Specialized cells that secrete material usedelsewhere in the body, including: • Exocrine glands • Endocrine glands (continues)
Glands
Exocrine and Endocrine Glands Click Here to play Exocrine and Endocrine animation
Organ and Body Systems • Body parts are organized into systemsaccording to function. • Examples: • Skeletal system • Muscular system • Cardiovascular system
Pathology • The study of structural and functional changescaused by disease.
Key Word Parts and Definitions • aden/o • gland • adip/o • fat • anter/o • before, front • caud/o • lower part of body, tail (continues)
Key Word Parts and Definitions • cephal/o • head • cyt/o,-cyte • cell • end-, endo- • in, within, inside • exo- • out of, outside, away from (continues)
Key Word Parts and Definitions • hist/o, histi/o • tissue • -ologist • specialist • -ology • the science or study of • path/o,-pathy • disease, suffering, feeling, emotion (continues)
Key Word Parts and Definitions • plas/i, plas/o, -plasia • development, growth, formation • poster/o • behind, toward the back • -stasis,-static • control, maintenance of a constant level
Questions to Get You Thinking
Question A chromosome is larger than a gene. True or False?
Answer True
Question Peas have 14 pairs of chromosomes and pigeonshave 80. How many do humans have? • 100 • 145 • 46
Answer c. 46
Question Stem cells die after a determined life span. True or False?
Answer False. Unlike other cells that die after adetermined life span, stem cells can renewthemselves through cell division.
Question A communicable disease and a contagiousdisease are the same thing.True or False
Answer True
Answers to Learning Exercises
Chapter 2 Answers Matching Word Parts 1 2.1. adip/o 2.2. anter/o 2.3. aden/o 2.4. -ologist 2.5. -ology Matching Word Parts 2 2.6. cyt/o 2.7. cephal/o 2.8. caud/o 2.9. exo- 2.10. endo-
Chapter 2 Answers Matching Word Parts 3 2.11. poster/o 2.12. -stasis 2.13. path/o 2.14. -plasia 2.15. hist/o Definitions 2.16. nosocomial infection 2.17. dominant gene 2.18. abdominal cavity 2.19. medial 2.20. adult stem 2.21. phenylketonuria 2.22. adenitis 2.23. parietal peritoneum 2.24. gene 2.25. histology
Chapter 2 Answers Matching Regions of the Thorax and Abdomen 2.26. epigastric region 2.27. umbilical region 2.28. hypochondriac region 2.29. hypogastric region 2.30. iliac region Which Word? 2.31. inguinal 2.32. genetics 2.33. epidemiologist 2.34. exocrine glands 2.35. inferior
Chapter 2 Answers Spelling Counts 2.36. mesentery 2.37. hemophilia 2.38. hypertrophy 2.39. epithelial 2.40. anomaly Abbreviation Identification 2.41. Huntington’s disease 2.42. communicable disease 2.43. general practitioner 2.44. left upper quadrant 2.45. chromosome
Chapter 2 Answers Term Selection 2.46. proximal 2.47. posterior 2.48. frontal 2.49. midsagittal 2.50. distal Sentence Completion 2.51. Down syndrome 2.52. physiology 2.53. thoracic 2.54. iatrogenic 2.55. chromosomes
Chapter 2 Answers Word Surgery 2.56. aden, -ectomy 2.57. endo-, -crine 2.58. hist, -ologist 2.59. retro-, periton, -eal 2.60. path, -ologist 2.61. eti-, -ology 2.62. home/o, -stasis 2.63. pan-, dem, -ic 2.64. epi-, gastr, -ic 2.65. idi/o, path, -ic Clinical Conditions 2.66. epidemic 2.67. functional 2.68. bloodborne 2.69. cytology 2.70. vector borne 2.71. quadrant 2.72. waterborne 2.73. pelvic 2.74. peritonitis 2.75. geneticist
Chapter 2 Answers Which Is the Correct Medical Term? 2.76. iliac 2.77. genome 2.78. adenocarcinoma 2.79. loose 2.80. fetal alcohol syndrome Challenge Word Building 2.81. myoplasty 2.82. myalgia 2.83. gastrosis 2.84. laryngitis 2.85. myectomy 2.86. gastralgia 2.87. laryngectomy 2.88. nephrosis 2.89. neuroplasty 2.90. nephritis
Chapter 2 Answers Labeling Exercises 2.91. hypochondriac 2.92. umbilical 2.93. hypogastric 2.94. lumbar 2.95. iliac 2.96. midsagittal 2.97. anterior 2.98. lateral 2.99. posterior 2.100. transverse
