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Iran, Iraq, and Afghanistan

Iran, Iraq, and Afghanistan. The Shahs of Iran. 1925-Iran’s first shah made many changes to modernize Iran Many thought the Shah was corrupt. The Islamic Revolution in Iran. 1979-Islamic Revolution Ayatollah Khomeini took over. The shah had to flee.

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Iran, Iraq, and Afghanistan

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  1. Iran, Iraq, and Afghanistan

  2. The Shahs of Iran • 1925-Iran’s first shah • made many changes to modernize Iran • Many thought the Shah was corrupt

  3. The Islamic Revolution in Iran • 1979-Islamic Revolution • Ayatollah Khomeini took over. The shah had to flee. • Ayatollahs, religious leaders, ruled according to Islamic law. • Iranians are Shi’a Muslims. • Western influences wiped from the country. • Women had to wear the chador, a long black cloak. • Iran supported revolutions in other Shi’a countries. • -Khomeini died in 1989.

  4. War Between Iraq and Iran • -In 1980, Saddam Hussein of Iraq took over a border area of Iran. • War started between Iraq and Iran for eight years. • Hussein and his government were Sunni. • 1983-Iran reported Iraqi use of chemical weapons • (The Geneva protocol requires that the international community respond to chemical warfare)

  5. Saddam Hussein’s Use of Chemical Weapons • In Iraq, Hussein targeted Shi’a Muslims. • Saddam used chemical weapons on the Kurds, killing approx. 70,000

  6. Saddam and the Shi’a • Iraqi women visit the shrine of Imam Hussein, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, in the southern Iraqi city of Karbala. • In 1996, Mithal Ali was taken from his home in Nasiryah, Iraq, by order of Hussein. In April, his family learned his fate: execution and burial alongside 700 other political prisoners in Abu Grahib, Iraq.

  7. Saddam and Kuwait • 1990 he invaded Kuwait • This provoked the Persian Gulf War.

  8. Invasion of Iraq • The United States invaded Iraq in 2003. • claimed that Iraq had weapons of mass destruction • Saddam Hussein was removed from power. • War ended in 2011

  9. Afghanistan • Oppression of women by the Taliban--women had to be fully veiled (burqa), no longer allowed to work, go out alone or even wear white socks. Men were forced to grow beards. • The Taliban got rid of most poppy production in the year 2000. The collapse of the economy in 2001 led to the replanting of many fields. • British tried to take over in 1800s and 1921. • Soviet Union invaded in 1979. • withdrew in 1989. • 1996- Taliban took over • The U.S. invaded in 2001 in response to the Sept. 11 attack on the Twin Towers. • removed the Taliban from power • Hamid Karzai elected president in 2004

  10. Iran Today • Iran’s highest authority Supreme Leader, is an Ayatollah • The president is Mahmoud Ahmadinejad • Iran accused of making nuclear weapons • Has threatened to attack Israel • Iran has threatened to block the Strait of Hormuz

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