1. Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST) Safety Enhancement, SE-120 TAWS Improved Functionality

2. Worldwide Fleet • Classic airplanes – typically equipped with electro-mechanical flight instruments, basic navigation (VOR, DME, ADF and possibly GPS Navigation (FMS)) • Standard airplanes – multi-sensor RNAV Flight Management Systems (FMS), Electronic Flight Instruments and Electronic Map Displays (Triple INS rather than GPS) • Advanced airplanes – standard airplanes with advanced navigation (GPS sensors and RNP capabilities)

3. Background • British Mediterranean A320 Addis Ababa • Effect of map shift on TAWS • Highlighted benefit of TAWS with GPS to ensure TAWS alerts and terrain display are accurate • US Airways 757 La Guardia • Near CFIT into building • Highlighted benefit of obstacle alerting • Fed Ex 727 Tallahassee • Landed short • Highlighted need for improvements to terrain clearance floor alerting algorithm.

4. Outputs • Output 1 • Establish, as appropriate, standard operating procedures (SOP’s) that advise flight crews of possible increased risk of operating into areas with limited ground based navigation aids • Match policies with aircraft capability and NVAID environment. • Output 2 • Manufacturers install GPS sensors as standard equipment in all current production airplanes and new type designs.

5. Outputs • Output 3 • Install GPS capability on all “Standard” airplanes. As a minimum, modify TAWS to GPS TAWS • Note: “Classic” airplanes are currently equipped with GPS TAWS • GPS TAWS ensures that TAWS terrain display and alerts, remain accurate when operating with minimal navigation aids. (No dual DME or poor ground bases navaid reliability) • Output 4 • Operators establish procedures to ensure TAWS terrain databases are updated.

6. Outputs • Output 5 • AIA, ATA, RAA, NACA and operators establish procedures to review and agree on TAWS manufacturers' recommended updates. • Match policies with aircraft capability and NVAID environment. • Output 6 • AIA, ATA, RAA, NACA and operators establish procedures to review optional/selectable TAWS features not used by an operator and agree on those features that would enhance CFIT protection of their operation.

7. Summary • Overall 2007 risk reduction does not change. • Will improve 2020 and worldwide risk reduction. • SE-120 helps ensure the predicted effectiveness of SE-1, SE-6, SE-7 and SE-8. • CAST is expected to add SE-120 to the approved CAST action plan. • CAST will monitor implementation and effectiveness in North America.

8. Thank you