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Chapter 12

Chapter 12. Meteorology 12.1 – The Causes of Weather. Types of atmospheric “meteors”. Meteor – ancient Greek – meaning “high in the air” Clouds Raindrops Snowflakes Fog Dust Rainbows. Various phenomena. Hydrometeors –primary types are cloud droplets and forms of precipitation

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Chapter 12

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  1. Chapter 12 Meteorology 12.1 – The Causes of Weather

  2. Types of atmospheric “meteors” Meteor – ancient Greek – meaning “high in the air” • Clouds • Raindrops • Snowflakes • Fog • Dust • Rainbows

  3. Various phenomena • Hydrometeors –primary types are cloud droplets and forms of precipitation • Lithometeor– smoke, haze, dust, or condensation nuclei • Electrometeors – thunder and lightning

  4. CONTRAST Weather and Climate

  5. Compare major masses impacting North America

  6. Meteorology Section 12.2 Weather Systems

  7. Why are most tropical rain forests located near the equator? • Equator- the trade winds from both hemispheres meet • ITCZ (Inter tropical convergence zone) • The rising air over a large area creates clouds and abundant precipitation

  8. Global Wind Systems 3 basic zones/wind systems in each hemisphere • Trade winds – • occur near 300 north & south latitude • Air sinks, warms, and moves towards the equator • Moves in a westerly direction (east to west) • Prevailing Westerlies – • occur between 30° and 60° north and south latitude • Circulation pattern, opposite that of the trade winds • Moves towards the poles • Moves in an easterly direction ( west to east) • Polar Easterlies – • Occur between 60° latitude and the poles • Similar to trade winds

  9. Jet Streams Jet Streams affect the movement of air masses. • Resemble jets of water • Narrow bands of fast, high-altitude, westerly winds • speed 185 km/hr

  10. Types of fronts

  11. Earth’s rotation affects air movement • Rising & sinking air, combined with Coriolis effect result in formation of low & high pressure systems. • Air at Earth’s surface spreads away from the center

  12. Pressure Systems Low pressure High Pressure

  13. Gathering Weather Data • Show video • http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/25B0B2A7-D01A-43D3-90BC-BC94FC1258F3

  14. Chapter 12Meteorology Section 12.3 Gathering Weather Data

  15. Meteorologist (weather man) • Measure atmospheric variables to make accurate weather forecasts. • temperature, • air pressure, • wind, and • relative humidity

  16. Surface Weather Data Instruments

  17. The End

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