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Do Now:

Do Now: . What are the classes of drugs? What is a side effect of drug use? What is the most commonly used depressant? . Drugs. Substance Abuse Any unnecessary or improper use of chemical substances for nonmedical purposes Illicit drug use

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Do Now:

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  1. Do Now: • What are the classes of drugs? • What is a side effect of drug use? • What is the most commonly used depressant?

  2. Drugs

  3. Substance Abuse • Any unnecessary or improper use of chemical substances for nonmedical purposes • Illicit drug use • The use or sale of any substance that is illegal or other wise not permitted

  4. What are factors that influence decisions about drugs? Media Messages PeerPressure Role Models Perceptions Family Members

  5. Health Consequences of Drug UseIllegal drugs have harmful side effects that can range from minor to deadly • Unlike medicines, these substances are not monitored for quality, purity, or strength Physical Consequences Brain, heart, lungs, and other vital organs Contraction of Diseases such as hepatitis B and HIV Overdose- a strong, sometimes fatal reaction to taking a large amount of a drug

  6. Mental/ Emotional Consequences Drugs cloud reasoning and thinking, and users lose control of their behavior Social Consequences Negative effect on relationships with friends and family members; Substance abuse is a major factor in many crimes, suicides, and unintentional injuries

  7. Side Effects of Drug use Psychological dependence: A condition in which a person believes That a drug is needed in order to feel good Or to function normally nausea Addiction: A physiological Or psychological dependence on a drug Physiological Dependence: A condition in which the user has a chemical Need for the drug headaches Death Tolerance: the body of the substance abuser Needs more and more of the drug to get the Same effect. Loss of consciousness

  8. Marijuana: a plant whose leaves, buds, and flowers are usually smoked for their intoxicating effects

  9. Marijuana • Also known as grass, weed, and pot • Hashish, or hash, is a stronger form of marijuana • An individual who uses marijuana is 17 times more likely to use cocaine than one who has never used marijuana.

  10. Effects of Marijuana • Slow mental reflexes and may suffer sudden feelings of anxiety and paranoia • In males, regular use interferes with sperm production and lowers levels of testosterone • Females experience an increase in testosterone levels which may result in unwanted facial hair and can lead to infertility • Driving under the influence of marijuana can be as dangerous as driving while intoxicated

  11. Inhalants Substances whose fumes are sniffed and inhaled to achieve a mind-altering effect

  12. Examples of Inhalants • Solvents • Aerosols • Glues • Spray paints • Gasoline • Varnishes • Nitrous oxides

  13. Consequences of inhalant use • Glassy stare • Slurred speech • Impaired judgment • Permanent nervous system and brain damage • Sudden Death by: • increasing heart rate resulting in cardiac arrest • suffocation

  14. Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids Synthetic substances that are similar to the male sex hormone testosterone

  15. Effects of Steroid use • Anabolic refers to muscle building • Androgenic refers to increased male characteristics • Mood swings • Impaired judgment resulting from feelings of invincibility • Paranoia • If needle injection used the risk of disease-causing viruses ex: HIV The non-medical use of steroids is illegal for people of all ages in the United States

  16. Psychoactive Drugschemicals that affect the central nervous system and alter activity in the brain 4 Types • Stimulants • Depressants • Narcotics • Hallucinogens

  17. Stimulants Cocaine Crack Amphetamines Methamphetamine Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

  18. Cocaine • A rapid-acting, powerful, highly addictive stimulant that interrupts normal functioning of the central nervous system Effects of Cocaine Include: malnutrition Cardiac Arrest Respiratory failure Physiological dependence depression DEATH paranoia seizures Collapse of nasal septum Cardiac Problems fatigue

  19. Crack • An even more dangerous form of cocaine • One of the most deadly drugs available Health Risks • Extremely Addictive • Rapid increase in heart rate and blood pressure can cause death • Mixing with alcohol is extremely dangerous

  20. Amphetamines • Prescription medicines to reduce fatigue and drowsiness and to suppress the appetite Health Risks • Easily developed tolerance can result in overdose • Twitching • Irregular heartbeat • Paranoia • Heart and blood vessel damage

  21. Methamphetamines (Meth) • Meth can be lethal, addictive, and unpredictable • Club Drug • Another form is Crystal Meth

  22. Effects of Meth Use • Elevated heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate • Decreased Appetite • Alertness • Aggression • Paranoia • Depression • Irritability • Hallucinations • Delusions • Strong psychological dependence • Malnutrition • Skin abscesses • Mood disturbances • Kidney and other tissue damage • Cardiac and neurological damage • Meth Mouth General Effects Long Term Effects

  23. Methylphenidate (Ritalin) • Both Ritalin and Adderall are the two most commonly abused prescription stimulants • When abused can lead to • Dangerously high body temperature • Irregular heartbeat • Paranoia • Cardiovascular failure • Lethal Seizures

  24. Depressants Barbiturates Tranquilizers Rohypnol GHB

  25. Depressants • Drugs that tend to slow down the central nervous system • The most commonly used depressants is Alcohol

  26. Rohypnol the date rape drug • Known as • Looks like an ordinary aspirin • Rohypnol can be dissolved easily into a beverage. The victim wakes up much later with no recollection of what may have happened during the last several hours

  27. GHB • Another Date Rape Drug • A person can easily overdose on GHB • The drug leaves the blood relatively quickly, making it hard to discover

  28. Narcotics Heroin Opium Oxycodone Hyrocodone

  29. Narcotics • An addictive drug, such as opium, that reduces pain, alters mood and behavior, and usually induces sleep or stupor. Natural and synthetic narcotics are used in medicine to control pain. • A soothing, numbing agent or thing

  30. Heroin • Highly addictive • Depresses the central nervous system • Slows breathing and pulse rate • Infection of the heart lining and valves • Liver disease • Coma • Death Health Risks

  31. Heroin

  32. Extremely Addictive Oxycodone • A narcotic prescribed to relieve pain • OxyContin is a timed-releases version of Oxycodone • Do not take while drinking alcohol Dangerous side effectsor death can occur when combined • It is a significant threat because it is only available in higher doses

  33. Oxycodone in the News

  34. Hydrocodone • A narcotic drug prescribed for pain control • Vicodin is one of the most commonly abused forms • Extremely Addictive

  35. Difficulty Breathing • Closing of the throat • Facial Swelling • Hives • Seizures • Loss of Consciousness • Coma • Constipation • Dryness of Mouth • Respiratory Depression • Physical Tolerance • Dependence Short Term Effects Long Term Effects

  36. Hallucinogens PCP Hallucinogenic Mushrooms Mescaline Ketamine LSD

  37. Ketamine • Preoperative anesthetic that is used in veterinary medicine • Makes the user feel detached from his or her environment • Has both analgesic (pain relief) and amnesic (memory loss) properties • Has been used in drug facilitated sexual assaults

  38. Effects • Depressed Respiratory Rate • Nausea • Loss of Coordination • Temporary Amnesia • Hallucinations • Paranoia • Coma • Flashbacks • Convulsions • Death

  39. Ketamine Today

  40. Ketamine Coma • Do you think that the USA should allow Ketamine induced comas? • Why or Why not?

  41. LSD • The most potent and highly studied hallucinogen • Effects are • Effects can last from 2 hours to 12 hours depending on dosage • DOI is a drug that is very similar both in affects and form to LSD • Often times users conceal drugs in food such as gummy bears, cookies unpredictable

  42. Introducing LSD

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