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Digestive System. By: Natalie Stepniewski and Amanda Sette. Overview. In this PowerPoint, the following will be explained: What is the Digestive System? What are the organs in the digestive system? What do they do? What is the order of the organs in which the process occurs?.
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Digestive System By: Natalie Stepniewski and Amanda Sette
Overview • In this PowerPoint, the following will be explained: • What is the Digestive System? • What are the organs in the digestive system? What do they do? • What is the order of the organs in which the process occurs?
What is the Digestive System? • Digestion, in a nut shell, is the breakdown of food. • It simplifies substances that are consumed so they can be absorbed by the body. • The body can then use these substances for energy, growth, and reproduction.
The Digestive System is a long tube extending from the mouth to the rectum.
Organs in the Digestive System • The organs included in the Digestive System are: • Mouth • Esophagus • Liver • Stomach • Colon • Cecum • Rectum • Kidney • Bladder
Mouth • The mouth is the entry area for the food and the beginning point of digestion. • The lips pick up loose food, which is passed into the mouth by the tongue. • The food is ground up by the teeth and mixed with saliva released from the saliva glands to make the food easier to swallow. • The food is then passed into the pharynx by the base of the tongue.
Pharynx • The pharynx is a short, funnel-shaped, muscular tube between the mouth and the esophagus. • It forces food into the esophagus.
Epiglottis • The epiglottis is a triangular, lid-like piece of cartilage located at the base of the tongue. • It prevents food and water from entering the airways.
Esophagus • The esophagus is a muscular tube extending from the pharynx down the left side of the neck and to the stomach. • Food and water is forced down it to the stomach by a progressive wave of constriction. • Food/water enters the stomach at an oblique angle, making regurgitation impossible.
Liver • The liver is the largest gland in a horse’s body. • It secretes a continuous flow of bile, which aids in digestion of fats.
Stomach • The stomach is a “U” shaped muscular sac in the front part of the abdominal cavity. • Food entering the stomach is arranged in layers, end next to small intestine filling up first. • The stomach further breaks down food, mixing it with different acids. • Once the food is broke down further, it is passed into the small intestine.
Duodenum • It continues the process of food breakdown. • Bile breaks down food particles into smaller droplets.
Small Intestine • The small intestine is the major part of digestion. Pancreatic enzymes help digest the food; carbohydrates digest sugars and starches; proteases break proteins down into amino acids; and bile from the liver is added to break down the food into smaller pieces. • After the food has been digested, it is absorbed through the small intestine walls and carried by the blood stream to wherever it is needed.
Colon • Moisture from the food is absorbed here and is used throughout the body. • It is 12 ft long and 8-10 inches in diameter.
Cecum • The cecum is a large pouch through which feed moves more slowly than through the rest of the digestive system. • It breaks down fibers and provides the horse with important nutrients like volatile fatty acids and some amino acids that would otherwise be wasted.
Rectum • The rectum is a short straight tube, about 1 ft in length. • It holds waste material after all the nutrients have been used throughout the body.
Kidney • The tubules of the kidney produce urine by removing waste products from the blood flowing through it.
Bladder • The bladder stores urine that came from the kidneys before disposal.
Order of Organs • Teeth • Tongue • Saliva glands • Pharynx • Epiglottis • Esophagus • Liver • Stomach • Duodenum • Small intestine • Colon • Cecum • Rectum • Kidney • Bladder
