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Self Assessment Question 1

Self Assessment Question 1. Which chemical group is at the 5' end of a single polynucleotide strand? Hydroxyl group      Diester group      Purine base      Phosphate group    Nitrogen group. Self Assessment Question 1 Answer.

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Self Assessment Question 1

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  1. Self Assessment Question 1 • Which chemical group is at the 5' end of a single polynucleotide strand? • Hydroxyl group      • Diester group      • Purine base      • Phosphate group    • Nitrogen group

  2. Self Assessment Question 1 Answer • Which chemical group is at the 5' end of a single polynucleotide strand? • Hydroxyl group      • Diester group      • Purine base • Phosphate groupCORRECT ANSWER • Nitrogen group

  3. Structure of Nucleic Acid • DNA and RNA consist of only four nucleotides • Adenine (A) and guanine (G) are purines • Cytosine (C), thymine (T) and uracil (U) are pyrimidines • A nucleotides consist of an organic base linked to a five-carbon sugar with a phosphate group attached to carbon 5. • In RNA, the sugar is ribose; in DNA, deoxyribose. • Polynucleotide sequences are read in 5’ -> 3’ direction

  4. Self Assessment Question 2 • Which chemical group is at the 3' end of a single polynucleotide strand? • Phosphate group      • Hydroxyl group    • Purine base      • Nitrogen group      • Methyl group

  5. Self Assessment Question 2 Answer • Which chemical group is at the 3' end of a single polynucleotide strand? • Phosphate group   • Hydroxyl groupCORRECT ANSWER • Purine base      • Nitrogen group      • Methyl group

  6. Structure of Nucleic Acid • DNA and RNA consist of only four nucleotides • Adenine (A) and guanine (G) are purines • Cytosine (C), thymine (T) and uracil (U) are pyrimidines • A nucleotides consist of an organic base linked to a five-carbon sugar with a phosphate group attached to carbon 5. • In RNA, the sugar is ribose; in DNA, deoxyribose. • Polynucleotide sequences are read in 5’ -> 3’ direction

  7. Self Assessment Question 3 • The purine bases are: • Thymine and cytosine      • Thymine and guanine      • Cytosine and Adenine      • Cytosine and guanine      • Adenine and guanine   

  8. Self Assessment Question 3 Answer • The purine bases are: • Thymine and cytosine      • Thymine and guanine      • Cytosine and Adenine      • Cytosine and guanine   • Adenine and guanineCORRECT ANSWER

  9. Self Assessment Question 4 • The pyrimidine bases are: • Thymine and cytosine    • Thymine and guanine      • Adenine and guanine      • Cytosine and adenine      • Cytosine and guanine

  10. Self Assessment Question 4 Answer • The pyrimidine bases are: • Thymine and cytosineCORRECT ANSWER • Thymine and guanine      • Adenine and guanine      • Cytosine and adenine      • Cytosine and guanine

  11. student.ccbcmd.edu

  12. Self Assessment Question 5 • Each new DNA strand is initiated by a: • Short RNA primer    • Single-stranded DNA-binding protein      • Precursor fragment      • Restriction fragment      • Specific DNA primer

  13. Self Assessment Question 5 Answer • Each new DNA strand is initiated by a: • Short RNA primerCORRECT ANSWER • Single-stranded DNA-binding protein      • Precursor fragment      • Restriction fragment      • Specific DNA primer

  14. Self Assessment Question 6 • The phenomenon where the two complementary strands of duplex DNA have their 5’-to-3’ directions running in opposite directions is called: • Antiparallel    • Nucleic acid hybridization      • Renaturation      • Rolling-circle replication      • Restriction fragment polymorphism  

  15. Self Assessment Question 6 Answer • The phenomenon where the two complementary strands of duplex DNA have their 5’-to-3’ directions running in opposite directions is called: • AntiparallelCORRECT ANSWER • Nucleic acid hybridization      • Renaturation      • Rolling-circle replication      • Restriction fragment polymorphism

  16. DNA forms a Double Helix • The bases are projected inward whereas the sugar phosphate backbone is on the outside • The two strands are antiparallel • A is paired with T through two hydrogen bonds • G is paired with C through three hydrogen bonds

  17. Self Assessment Question 7 • The Meselson-Stahl experiment showed that a single round of DNA replication produces: • One DNA molecule made of two parental strands and a second DNA molecule made of two daughter strands.      • Two duplex DNA molecules where all of the strands are partly parental and part new DNA.      • Two duplex DNA molecules each with one parental strand and one daughter strand.    • Many duplex DNA molecules, all with two new daughter strands.

  18. Self Assessment Question 7 Answer • The Meselson-Stahl experiment showed that a single round of DNA replication produces: • One DNA molecule made of two parental strands and a second DNA molecule made of two daughter strands.      • Two duplex DNA molecules where all of the strands are partly parental and part new DNA. • Two duplex DNA molecules each with one parental strand and one daughter strand.CORRECT ANSWER • Many duplex DNA molecules, all with two new daughter strands.

  19. DNA Replication: Meselson-Stahl Experiment Results ** • Important points: • The conservative mechanism never generates H-L DNA. • The semiconservative mechanism never generates H-H DNA, but does generate H-L DNA during the second and subsequent doublings. • DNA replicates by which mechanism?

  20. Self Assessment Question 8 • DNA fragments migrate in an electric field because DNA molecules: • Are positively charged      • Are neutral in charge      • Are negatively charged • Are double stranded      • Contain numerous covalent bonds

  21. Self Assessment Question 8 Answer • DNA fragments migrate in an electric field because DNA molecules: • Are positively charged      • Are neutral in charge • Are negatively chargedCORRECT ANSWER • Are double stranded      • Contain numerous covalent bonds

  22. Self Assessment Question 9 • Endonucleases: • Break internal phosphodiester bonds in a single- or double-stranded nucleic acid molecule.   • Remove amino acids from the carboxyl end of a polypeptide chain.      • Connect two DNA fragments.      • Remove terminal nucleotides from the 3'-end of a polynucleotide chain.      • Connect two oligopeptides.

  23. Self Assessment Question 9 Answer • Endonucleases: • Break internal phosphodiester bonds in a single- or double-stranded nucleic acid molecule.CORRECT ANSWER • Remove amino acids from the carboxyl end of a polypeptide chain.      • Connect two DNA fragments.      • Remove terminal nucleotides from the 3'-end of a polynucleotide chain.      • Connect two oligopeptides *Note: restriction enzymes are endonucleases produced by bacteria

  24. Self Assessment Question 10 • A palindrome is a sequence that: • reads differently when read from either direction      • can be found in multiple origins of replication      • is the same when read from either direction • is used as a primer in DNA replication      • contains only purines

  25. Self Assessment Question 10 Answer • A palindrome is a sequence that: • reads differently when read from either direction      • can be found in multiple origins of replication • is the same when read from either directionCORRECT ANSWER • is used as a primer in DNA replication      • contains only purines websters-dictionary-online.com

  26. Self Assessment Question 11 • Which of the following sequences are palindromes? • 5'-CCAG-3'      • 5'-CCCC-3'      • 5'-CCAGG-3'      • 5'-ACCGGA-3'      • 5'-CCATGG-3'   

  27. Self Assessment Question 11 Answer • Which of the following sequences are palindromes? • 5'-CCAG-3'      • 5'-CCCC-3'      • 5'-CCAGG-3'      • 5'-ACCGGA-3'   • 5'-CCATGG-3'CORRECT ANSWER

  28. Self Assessment Question 12 • Which of the following is a characteristic of restriction enzymes? • Most restriction enzymes recognize a single site.      • The restriction site is recognized regardless of the source of the DNA.      • The number of times a piece of DNA is cut is determined by the number of times the restriction site is present in the DNA.      • Most restriction sites are palindromes.      • A, B, C, and D    • A and C      • B and D

  29. Self Assessment Question 12 Answer • Which of the following is a characteristic of restriction enzymes? • *Most restriction enzymes recognize a single site.      • * The restriction site is recognized regardless of the source of the DNA.      • * The number of times a piece of DNA is cut is determined by the number of times the restriction site is present in the DNA.      • * Most restriction sites are palindromes.      • A, B, C, and DCORRECT ANSWER • A and C      • B and D

  30. Questions?

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