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THE HOLY WEEK

THE HOLY WEEK. THE HOLY PASCHA. Historical Facts. The Great Lent Preparation Week: 7 days Holy 40 days: 40 days Lazarus Saturday: 1 day Holy Pascha Week: 7 days The most sacred week of the year Used to be celebrated separate from the great lent until the 2nd century Pascha = Passover.

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THE HOLY WEEK

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  1. THE HOLY WEEK THE HOLY PASCHA

  2. Historical Facts • The Great Lent • Preparation Week: 7 days • Holy 40 days: 40 days • Lazarus Saturday: 1 day • Holy Pascha Week: 7 days • The most sacred week of the year • Used to be celebrated separate from the great lent until the 2nd century • Pascha = Passover

  3. Last Friday of Great Fast • Unction of the Sick: • The only time in the church that we pray the Unction of the Sick • Prayed after Raising of Incense. • “Is anyone among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the church, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord. And the prayer of faith will save the sick, and the Lord will raise him up. And if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven.” (Jam 5:14-16)

  4. Last Friday of Great Fast • Why do we pray the Unction at the end of the Fast? • If fasted properly, people may be weak • It is prayed to strengthen them during Holy Week • There are 7 prayers: The seven spirits of God • Whoever participates must be: • A believer (it is a sacrament) • Fasting • Should have confessed (every sacrament begins with confession and is completed with Communion)

  5. Lazarus Saturday • Six days before the Passover (Cruicifixion): • "Then, six days before the Passover, Jesus came to Bethany, where Lazarus was who had been dead, whom He had raised from the dead" (Jn 12:1).

  6. Lazarus Saturday • Holy Week is between 2 resurrections – Lazarus and Christ: • “Blessed and holy is he who has part in the first resurrection. Over such the second death has no power”(Rev 20:6) • 1st Resurrection: Baptism (Rom 6:4) • Sufferings: Repentance, carrying the cross (Lk 9:23) • 2nd Resurrection: Resurrection of the Dead - “We look for the Resurrection of the dead…” (Orthodox Creed)

  7. Two Resurrections • Lazarus: Someone else raised him • Christ: Raised Himself • Lazarus: Raised with same mortal body • Christ: Raised with glorified immortal body • Lazarus: Came out wrapped in grave cloths • Christ: Rose freed of the grave cloths

  8. Lazarus Saturday • After Baptism, we rise with same mortal body, we go through temptations and sufferings, and we live a life of repentance, then we die, to be risen up again in the last day. • Lazarus Saturday: A renewal • of vows/commitments • to live repentance • to be glorified.

  9. PALM SUNDAY • What Did Jesus Do? • He left Bethany and entered Jerusalem riding on a colt on Nissan 10 • (similar to the Passover lamb) • The crowd were shouting “OSANNA” • Jesus entered the temple and kicked out those who were selling and buying. • Jesus returns back to Bethany

  10. PALM SUNDAY • What Does the Church Do? Title of the day “Accepting Christ as a King” • All hymns are in joyful tunes • Procession of the Cross – Morning Incense • The Cross is the sign of His Kingdom • We are invited to accept him as a king in our life. • Palms signify: peace, royalty, strength • 12 stations – 12 Gospel

  11. PALM SUNDAY What Does the Church Do? • Regular liturgy except we read FOUR gospels

  12. PALM SUNDAY • What Does the Church Do? • The general funeral Prayer: • Participate in the Lord’s death • The church focuses on the Passion of the Lord • The church sets us in the mood of passion week, by accepting the death of Christ in our life – “ Now if we died with Christ, we believe that we shall also live with Him” (Rom 6:8)

  13. Pascha Week • Pascha: “Passover”. • The Passing-over of the Angel of Death: • Now the blood shall be a sign for you on the houses where you are. And when I see the blood, I will pass over you… (Exo 12:13) • Christ is our Passover • “For indeed Christ, our Passover, was sacrificed for us.” (1Cor 5:7) • Through Christ’s Blood, we are saved from the devil, the punishment of sin and death

  14. PASCHA: GENERAL OUTLINE • We follow the Savior step by step • We pray outside the alter…Why? • All attention is to the passion of our Savior: • No liturgies except….. Why? • No Agpya prayers… Why? • All prayers in a sad tune

  15. PASCHA: GENERAL OUTLINE We pray outside the alter, WHY? - we were cast outside of the Paradise and remained outside, until the crucifixion - Christ suffered outside of Jerusalem: “therefore let us go forth to Him, outside the camp, bearing His reproach.” Heb 13:13

  16. PASCHA: GENERAL OUTLINE • No liturgies except on Thursday because the Passover lamb was kept for 4 days (Exo 12:3-7)

  17. Pascha Week Prayers • Location of Prayers - In the second division of Church, “outside the camp”: • We were cast outside of the Paradise and remained outside, until the crucifixion • When Christ tore the “middle wall” (the veil of the temple) • The priest opens the curtain of the Sanctuary on the 12th hour of Good Friday • Christ suffered outside of Jerusalem: “Therefore let us go forth to Him, outside the camp, bearing His reproach.” (Heb 13:13)

  18. Pascha Week • Arrangement of the Hours • The new day starts with the night before or the “eve” • “So the evening and the morning were the first day.” (Gen 1:5) • The Hours: EVE: DAY:

  19. PASCHA: GENERAL OUTLINE OVERVIEW ON DAYS SUN MON TUES WED THUR FRI SAT P A P A P A P A P A P A P N D N D N D N D N D N D MON TUE WED THUR FRI SAT NO LITRUGIES

  20. PASCHA: GENERAL OUTLINE DAILY PRAYERS DAY (Wednesday morning) DAILY PRAYERS (e.g. Wednesday) NIGHT (Tuesday evening) 1ST 3RD 6TH 9TH 11TH 1ST 3RD 6TH 9TH 11TH Good Friday: 1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th, 11th, 12th

  21. PASCHA: GENERAL OUTLINE Contents of Each Prayer • Prophecies • Thine is the power, the glory, the blessings, and the majesty: for ever Amen O Emmanuel: Our God and Our King... • Replaces the Agpeya psalms • It is not man made, Revelation 7:12-13

  22. PASCHA: GENERAL OUTLINE Contents of Each Prayer • A psalm of David • Sad tune • The Holy Gospel • The exposition • End of each night or day: • Litanies • The conclusion (O King of Peace)

  23. Monday of the Holy Pascha • What Did Jesus Do? • He left Bethany to the temple in Jerusalem • On the way, He saw a fig tree that has leaves but no fruits. Christ curses the tree saying: No man will eat fruit of you for ever • Jesus spent the day in the temple teaching • The priests try to catch him with a mistake: By what authority do you do these things? • Christ returns back to Bethany

  24. Monday of the Holy Pascha • What Does the Church Do? • Title of the day: “FRUITFUL LIFE NOT APPEARANCE” “DON’T DECEIVE YOURSELF” • All prophesies, psalms, and gospels focus on this objective. Examples • First Hour: Isaiah 5:1-9: “What shall I do any more to my vineyard, that I have not done to it?” • Sixth Hour: Exodus 32:7-15: “They Have made for themselves a calf and worshiped it!”

  25. Tuesday of the Holy Pascha • What Did Jesus Do? • He left Bethany to the temple in Jerusalem • On the way, They saw the fig tree and remembered Christ’s words • Jesus spent the day in the temple teaching • The Pharisees try to catch him with a mistake: Should we pay taxes to Caesar? • Christ talks about the end of the world and his second coming in detail. He gives a lot of signs for the last day.

  26. Tuesday of the Holy Pascha • What Did Jesus Do? • Christ emphasized the need to be always prepared by several proverbs: • The ten virgins • The Talents • The wedding ceremony • Christ returns back to Bethany

  27. Tuesday of the Holy Pascha • What Does the Church Do? • Title of the day: “BE WATCHFUL” “MARAN-ATHA -- The Lord’s coming is near” • All prophesies, psalms, and gospels focus on this objective. Examples • Ninth Hour: Genesis 6-9: “The flood and Noah’s Ark” • Eleventh Hour: Isaiah 30:25: A prophesy about the end of the world

  28. Tuesday of the Holy Pascha • What Does the Church Do? • Very Important: THE ELEVENTH HOUR • CHRIST • Talked in detail about judgement and the last day • Determined the time of his crucifixion for the first time • Left the temple and NEVER came back to it; a sign of the collapse of the Jewish religion • CHURCH • Adds “My Good Savior” to “Thine is the power....” • Reads Psalm 44:9 “Thy Throne, O God, is forever and ever” with the Royal Tune

  29. Wednesday of the Holy Pascha • What Did Jesus Do? • Christ spent the whole day in Bethany • A day of contradictions: • Judas contacts the chief priests to betray Christ • A woman breaks an alabaster box of ointment of spikenard, very precious, and pours it on Christ’s head.

  30. Wednesday of the Holy Pascha • What Does the Church Do? • Title of the day: “WHERE IS MY HEART” “WHAT WOULD I OFFER TO CHRIST” • All prophesies, psalms, and gospels focus on this objective. • Very Important: Third Hour of Thursday’s Eve • Psalm: 54:18: “His words are smoother than oil, yet they are darts” (Royal tune) • Gospel: Mark 14:3-11: The woman with ointment and Judas betrayal!

  31. The Great Thursday • What Did Jesus Do? • That was the 14th of Nissan, the day of slaying the Passover lamb • Christ asks Peter and John to prepare the Passover • They prepare for the Passover in St. Mark’s house • The disciples fight: who is the greatest. • Before supper, Christ washed the disciples’ feet • Christ gives the disciples his body and blood • Christ prophesizes about his betrayal • Judas leaves to go to the chief priests

  32. The Great Thursday • What Does the Church Do? • We pray in the sanctuary • We start with the Matin rising of incense • The book of acts: Selecting a new apostle instead of Judas. It is scary!!!!!! • Procession to rebuke Judas (OURSELVES) in the opposite direction

  33. The Great Thursday • What Does the Church Do? • Pascha prayers (1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th) about preparations for the Passover • The prophesies of the ninth hour are very significant • Genesis 22:1-19 The sacrifice of Isaac • Genesis 14:17-20 Melckizedek • Isaiah 61:1-6 “The Spirit of the Lord is upon me…”

  34. The Great Thursday • What Does the Church Do? • The Liturgy of the Blessing of Water • Objectives: • HUMBLENESS & SALVATION THOUGH WATER (BAPTISM) • We pray with annual tune in front of a basin filled with water • Several prophesies about salvation through water (e.g., crossing the Red Sea and Jordan River • Gospel: John 13:1-7 -- Christ washes the feet of the disciples • At the end, the priest washes the feet of the congregation

  35. The Great Thursday • What Does the Church Do? • The Liturgy of the Eucharist • Objective: The sacrifice of Christ • Annual tune • No Agpeya, no Catholic Epistle, no Book of Acts • Gospel: Matthew 26:20-29 -- Christ gives his body and blood to the disciples • No prayer of Reconciliation, no commemoration of the saints • Fraction of the Sacrifice of Isaac

  36. The Great Thursday • What Does the Church Do? • During communion, we pray the 11th hour of the Pascha • Prophesy from Isaiah 52 • And we saw him but he had no form nor beauty…He was a man of suffering and acquainted with the bearing of sickness…He was dishonored and not esteemed. He bears our sins and is pained for us…He was wounded on account of our sins, and was bruised because of our iniquities…He was led as a sheep to the slaughter and as a lamb before the shearer is dumb, so he opens not his mouth…. • Gospel from John:13 • And when He had dipped the sop, He gave it to Judas Iscariot, And after the sop, Satan entered into him

  37. The Eve of the Great Friday FROM NOW ON: • We add “The Lord is my strength, my praise and has become my salvation” • We read four gospels each hour from Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John • Except the first hour where the four gospels are from John 13-17 (The Paraclete)

  38. The Eve of the Great Friday • First Hour • Christ’s last talk with the disciples and his promise to send the Holy Spirit • His prayer to the Father in John 17 • Third Hour • Christ leaves with the disciples on their way to Gethemane • Before the cock crow, you shall deny me three times

  39. The Eve of the Great Friday • Sixth Hour • Christ prays in Gethemane while the disciples are asleep • Watch ye and pray, lest you enter into temptation • Ninth Hour • Judas arrives with the soldiers to arrest Jesus • Peter cut the right ear of the servant of the high priest

  40. The Eve of the Great Friday • Eleventh Hour • Psalm: “Why did the heathen rage, and the nations imagine vain things? The kings of the earth stood up, and the rulers gathered themselves together against the Lord, and against his Christ • Gospels: First trial in front of the chief priests and all the council. Peter denies for three times

  41. The Great Friday • First Hour • Christ is being sent to Pontius Pilate • Pilate sends Him to Herod • Third Hour • Christ goes back to Pilate • Pilate sentences him to death

  42. The Sixth Hour of the Great Friday • Prophesies • Numbers 21: The brass serpent • Isaiah 53 • Amos 8: The sun shall go down at noon, and the light shall be darkened on the earth by day

  43. The Sixth Hour of the Great Friday • HYMNS • TAI SHOREE • VAI ETAV ENF • This is He who presented upon the cross, an acceptable sacrifice for the salvation of our race • Pauline Epistle: • But God forbid that I shall glory, save in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ

  44. The Sixth Hour of the Great Friday • Part From the Agpeya • O MONO GENEES • O Only Begotten, eternal, and Immortal Word of God….Holy Mighty, who by weakness showed forth what is greater than power. • AGIOS (sad tune) • Psalm and Gospel • Lights are off

  45. The Sixth Hour of the Great Friday • Prayer with the right thief • Remember me O Lord when you come into your kingdom • …. O Master …. • …. O Holy-One ... • End of the Sixth Hour and lights are back

  46. The Ninth Hour of the Great Friday • HYMNS • TEE SHOREE • VAI ETAV ENF • Pauline Epistle: • And being found in fashion as a man, He humbled Himself, and became obedient unto death, the death of the cross • Part from the Agpeya • Agious • Psalm and Gospels

  47. The Eleventh Hour of the Great Friday • Prophesies • Exodus and Leviticus: Passover • Regular Pascha hour

  48. The Twelfth Hour of the Great Friday • Prophesies • Lamentations of Jeremiah • Jonah • Psalm 44: The Royal Tune • Your Throne, O God, is forever and ever • Gospels

  49. The Twelfth Hour of the Great Friday • Exposition and Litanies • METANIAS in all directions • Procession • The Burial and GOLGOTHA • The Book of Psalms

  50. CONCLUSION HOW SHALL WE ESCAPE IF WE NEGLECT SO GREAT SALVATION? HEBREW 2:3

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