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GETTING READY. VOCABULARY DRILL. EXPRESSION PRACTICE. EXPRESSION PRACTICE. EXPRESSION PRACTICE. GRAMMAR WORKOUT. READING─PRE-READING TASK. Scan the article and write the letter of the communication method used by each animal.
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READING─PRE-READING TASK Scan the article and write the letter of the communication method used by each animal. a. We perform a series of movements to indicate the location of a food source. b. We change our appearance based on how we feel. c. We imitate a variety of sounds, including those not made by animals. d. We move in threatening ways to defend our territory. chameleon shark honeybee mockingbird d b c a
READING What Did It Say? Many pet owners are quick to say that they can communicate with their beloved animals despite not knowing the same language. Animals aren’t necessarily able to speak in the same way humans can, but they are undoubtedly capable of communicating, not just between themselves but with people as well. p.38 p.39
READING What Did It Say? Dolphins are known for creating countless sounds, ranging from whistles to clicks. Although people can’t hear the subtle differences, every sound a dolphin makes is quite distinct. Scientists report that dolphins’ language may be just as complex as ours. Of course, they aren’t the only animals to communicate with sounds. The majestic melodies that birds produce can warn others of predators and attract mates. Each species of bird has its own set of calls, but what’s really astonishing is that some birds can become multilingual*. They can understand and mimic the calls of other types of birds. Mockingbirds’ mastery of this skill is so great that they can learn the sounds of other animals, musical instruments, and even machinery! multilingual. p.38 p.39
READING What Did It Say? Other creatures communicate with their bodies and movements. For example, honeybees have one of the most distinctive ways of giving directions—dancing. By using different dance moves, they can let their hive mates know about their discovery of flowers or help lost bees navigate their way back home. Sharks, however, communicate through aggressive gestures. If one shark slams into another, it means that the attacker’s territory is being breached. Color is also important in animal communications, and chameleons use it to their advantage. They change their color to indicate their mood, like when they feel threatened or when they are being protective of their space. p.38 p.39
READING What Did It Say? When dog owners talk to their pets, they may not realize how much of what they’re saying is being understood. An acclaimed American psychologist has applied his expertise on the human brain to the study of our canine* companions in order to prove their intelligence. He suggests that the average dog can comprehend around 160 words, which is about the same as a toddler. Some of the most intelligent dog breeds can learn up to 250 words! That’s a pretty impressive vocabulary for man’s best friend. canine p.38 p.39
READING What Did It Say? With the amount of analysis being done on animal communications, it’s obvious that talking to animals isn’t a fantasy that only children want to turn into reality! Discussion It’s believed that cats only make sounds to communicate with humans. When they are approached by other animals, they use non-verbal forms of communication. Why do cats interact with humans differently? Can anything be inferred about their intelligence based on this? p.38 p.39
READING ─AFTER YOU READ A. Understand from the Context Write the meaning of the word in bold. P. 33 P. 36 P. 34 P. 37 P. 35 1. The pictures of the majestic mountain range were amazing. We were in awe of the natural beauty of the place. ____________________ 2. The company has earned astonishing profits in the past year. As a result, its stock price continues to soar. ____________________ 3. His mastery of checkers was incredible. He was able to defeat competitors that were much older. ____________________ 4. Henry slammed his head on the table when he fell. It hurt so much that he had to go to the hospital. ____________________ 5. Mark and Jeremy are good traveling companions, as they have compatible personalities and interests. ____________________ impressive amazing expertise, thorough understanding or great skill hit violently people you spend lots of time with
READING ─AFTER YOU READ B. Complete the Chart Fill in the blanks with words from the article. P. 33 P. 36 P. 34 P. 37 P. 35 • Fast Facts About Animals • A canine IQ test reveals that the 1. a____________e dog has the mental abilities of a 2. t____________r. Border Collies are one of the most brilliant 3. b____________s. • Bottlenose dolphins use 4. d____________e whistles to 5. n____________e around obstacles. They also 6. m____________c other dolphins’ sounds to attract their attention. • Some chameleons are only capable of making 7. s____________e skin color changes, while others have 8. c____________s shades to choose from. • Dogs show 9. a____________e behavior when they sense their territories are being 10. b____________d or members of their families are in danger. verag oddle reed istinctiv avigat imi ubtl ountles ggressiv reache
READING ─AFTER YOU READ C. Comprehension Check Answer the questions. • According to the article, how do • birds communicate? • 2. What do honeybees do to • communicate with each other? • 3. How do sharks react when they feel • threatened? • 4. Why was an American psychologist • studying dogs? Each species of bird has a distinctive set of calls, and some can even replicate the sounds of other animals, musical instruments, and machines. They create special dance moves to indicate where flowers are or give directions to lost bees. They make aggressive gestures to defend their territory. He wanted to prove their cleverness and know how much human vocabulary they understood.
