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George H.W. Bush: Navigating a New World Order and Post-Cold War Challenges

George H.W. Bush, the youngest WWII pilot and experienced diplomat, played a pivotal role in shaping global dynamics during his presidency. His tenure saw significant events, including the end of the Cold War, the fall of the Berlin Wall, and military actions in Panama and the Persian Gulf. Bush aimed to create a "New World Order," emphasizing international cooperation and arms reduction. Despite foreign policy successes, domestic challenges, such as rising AIDS cases and economic recession, led to difficulties. His legacy is a mix of triumphs in diplomacy and struggles at home.

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George H.W. Bush: Navigating a New World Order and Post-Cold War Challenges

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  1. Ch. 23.4 – Bush 41

  2. George H.W. Bush • Youngest WWII pilot (illegally) • Ambassador to the UN under Nixon • Director of the CIA • VP under Reagan • Background perfect for international problems he would face…

  3. 1988 Election

  4. Creating a “New World Order” • Bush felt that this was a singular moment to help shape the next century • Ending the Cold War • S. America and the Drug War • China • South Africa • Yugoslavia • War in the Persian Gulf

  5. 1989 • George HW Bush (Daddy) – continued Reagan’s plan • Meanwhile in Poland: Solidarity and Lech Walesa • In wake of Gorbachev renouncing Brezhnev • Backed by Pope John Paul II (assassination attempt because of threat) • Berlin Wall falls 9 November 1989

  6. Other States Begin to Fall… • Hungary, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia (Velvet Revolution and Vaclav Havel), Romania (Ceausescu) • Freedom

  7. Christmas 1991 • August 1991 – hardliners seize power and Gorbachev • Boris Yeltsin (President of Russian Republic) leads people to freedom • USSR bans communism 25 December 1991

  8. The Cold War is Over

  9. Part II of Reagan’s Foreign Policy • Led US and world into post-Cold War times • Importantly, didn’t flaunt victory over Soviets • Pushes US towards internationalism • Signs major arms reduction treaty with Boris Yeltsin

  10. US as the Soul World Power • Capitalist Democracy seen as the only way • Monarchy, fascism, and communism dead • Theocracy and New Nationalism are sleeping giants

  11. Democratic Victories • Peace treaties signed in wars in Nicaragua and El Salvador • Costa Rican leader Oscar Arias negotiated • Dictator Augusto Pinochet in Chile gives up power to people Accused of mass-murder, torture, kidnapping, illegal detention…

  12. Starts and Stops • South Africa – system of Apartheid comes down • Tutu, Mandela, and Bush push for rights • China – 4 June 1989 • Tiananmen Square Massacre

  13. Other Post-Cold War Hot Spots • Yugoslavia – Post – 1991 country disintegrates into factionalism • Didn’t react strongly (fears of Vietnam) • Somalia – Operation Restore Hope gets food to civilians trapped between warlords

  14. Foreign Policy / Domestics Collide • The War on Drugs • Bush targets source • Gets Columbian drug money guy Eduardo Romero • December 1989 – US invades Panama, arrests dictator/cartel leader Manuel Noriega

  15. Operation Desert Storm • President H.W. Bush leads a UN coalition to expel Saddam from Kuwait • The war lasts about five days and is a complete US victory

  16. Difficult Domestic Front • Foreign Policy focus – seems indifferent to US problems • 1,000 Points of Light Strategy (charity, not federal) • AIDs was on the rise (250,000 by 1994) • Bush greatly increases research funding • “No New Taxes” pledge • Short recession kills Bush after S & L Bailout pushes up deficits

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