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A new leaf phenology for the land surface scheme TERRA of the COSMO atmospheric model

A new leaf phenology for the land surface scheme TERRA of the COSMO atmospheric model. Jan-Peter Schulz 1,3,* , Gerd Vogel 2 , Bodo Ahrens 3 , Reto Stöckli 4 and Jean-Marie Bettems 4 1 Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre ( BiK -F), Frankfurt, Germany

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A new leaf phenology for the land surface scheme TERRA of the COSMO atmospheric model

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  1. A newleafphenologyforthelandsurfacescheme TERRA ofthe COSMO atmosphericmodel Jan-Peter Schulz1,3,*, Gerd Vogel2, Bodo Ahrens3, Reto Stöckli4and Jean-Marie Bettems4 1Biodiversity andClimate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt, Germany 2Deutscher Wetterdienst, Lindenberg, Germany 3Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany 4MeteoSwiss, Zürich, Switzerland *Affiliation now: Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany COSMO Phenology Workshop, 7 Jul. 2015, Zürich 7 Jul. 2015

  2. Whatisphenology? Phenology is the study of periodic plant and animal life cycle events and how these are influenced by seasonal and inter-annual variations in climate, as well as habitat factors (such as elevation). Wikipedia, 4 Mar. 2014 7 Jul. 2015

  3. Phenologyisgoverned, or limited, by: • Temperature • Day length • Water availability • NPP (net primary productivity) Twoapproachesforphenology not depending on NPP adoptedfrom: • Polcher, J. (1994), Thèse de doctorat, Univ. Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris • Knorr, W., et al. (2010), J. Geophys. Res., 115, G04017 7 Jul. 2015

  4. Land surfacescheme TERRA • Layersfortemperatureand • soilwatercontent • Experiments: • UseatmosphericforcingtorunTERRA in offline mode • Here, observedforcingfrom DWD observatory Lindenberg isused (Falkenberg site) Heise et al. (2006) 7 Jul. 2015

  5. Phenologydeterminingtemperature This isequivalentto an exponentiallydecliningmemoryoftheplantsforthesurfacetemperatureTS. istheaveragingperiodforTS. 5 7 Jul. 2015

  6. Phenology as function of temperaturebased on Polcher (1994) T1 : minimumlimitingtemperatureT2 : maximumlimitingtemperatureLAImin , LAImax : minimumandmaximumvalueof LAI 6 7 Jul. 2015

  7. Inter-annualvariabilityat Lindenberg 7 7 Jul. 2015

  8. 8 7 Jul. 2015

  9. Phenology as function of temperaturebased on Knorr et al. (2010) Ton/off : leafonsetandoffsettemperaturekgrow , kshed : growth rate andshedding rateLAImax , LAImin : maximumandminimumvalueof LAI 9 7 Jul. 2015

  10. 10 7 Jul. 2015

  11. 11 7 Jul. 2015

  12. 7 Jul. 2015

  13. 7 Jul. 2015

  14. 7 Jul. 2015

  15. C3 grassStress functions: Temperatureonly 7 Jul. 2015

  16. C3 grassStress functions: Temperature, daylength, vapourpressuredeficit 7 Jul. 2015

  17. C4 grassStress functions: Temperatureonly 7 Jul. 2015

  18. C4 grassStress functions: Temperature, daylength, vapourpressuredeficit 7 Jul. 2015

  19. C3 and C4 grass in 2007Stress functions: Temperature, daylength, vapourpressuredeficit 7 Jul. 2015

  20. C3 grass in 2007Stress functions: Individual behaviourandtheirproduct 7 Jul. 2015

  21. C4 grass in 2007Stress functions: Individual behaviourandtheirproduct 7 Jul. 2015

  22. C3 grasstunedfor FalkenbergStress functions: Temperature C3, daylength C4, vapourpressuredeficit 7,C4 7 Jul. 2015

  23. Stöckli: C3 grass in 2007Stress functions: Temperatureonly 7 Jul. 2015

  24. 7 Jul. 2015

  25. C4 grass (original) at Toulouse in 2007Stress functions: Individual behaviourandtheirproduct 7 Jul. 2015

  26. C3 grass (original) at Sodankylä in 2007Stress functions: Individual behaviourandtheirproduct 7 Jul. 2015

  27. Conclusions • Withthecurrentparameterization TERRA can not accountforthe inter-annualvariabilityofthephenology. • Twoapproachesbased on Polcher (1994) and Knorr et al. (2010) forsimulatingtheseasonalcycleofphenologyasfunctionoftemperaturewereimplemented. • The firstoneimprovesthesimulations, thesecondoneevengetsveryclosetotheobservationsof latent heatflux. • The approachby Knorr et al. (2010) appearstobefavourable due totheuseoftheconceptofgrowthandsheddingrates. • The nextstepsaretheextensionoftheschemetomorevegetationtypes,e.g. trees (deciduousandevergreen), andtheimplementationintothethree-dimensional coupledmodelcode. 7 Jul. 2015

  28. Conclusions • Withthecurrentparameterization TERRA can not accountforthe inter-annualvariabilityofthephenology. • Twoapproachesbased on Polcher (1994) and Knorr et al. (2010) forsimulatingtheseasonalcycleofphenologyasfunctionoftemperaturewereimplemented. • In addition, theapproachby Stöckli et al. (2008, 2011) was implemented, whichincludes stress functionsoftemperature, but also ofdaylengthandwateravailability. Itcombinestheconceptsofthresholdvalues (Polcher 1994) andofgrowthanddecayrates (Knorr et al. 2010). • The scheme was tested at three different sites. Withsometuninginvolvedthesitespecificbehaviourcanbewelldescribed. • The nextstepsaretheinclusionofthefull 35 plant functionaltypes, andtheimplementationintothethree-dimensional coupledmodelcode. 7 Jul. 2015

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