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Beta Decay and Decay Heat: Problem of Identifying Problem Fission Products

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Beta Decay and Decay Heat: Problem of Identifying Problem Fission Products. A L Nichols Nuclear Data Section International Atomic Energy Agency Vienna, Austria 12-14 December 2005. Decay Heat: Points of Note. Fission products fission yields decay data cross sections

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  1. Beta Decay and Decay Heat: Problem of Identifying Problem Fission Products A L Nichols Nuclear Data Section International Atomic Energy Agency Vienna, Austria 12-14 December 2005

  2. Decay Heat: Points of Note • Fission products fission yields decay data cross sections • Actinides – maximum of ~ 20-30% of total decay heat leading up to ~ 108 s • Activation products – extremely minor contribution to thermal systems

  3. 1990s: Inadequate and Discrepant Decay Data in Decay Heat Calculations • Frédéric Joliot – Otto Hahn Summer School, Cadarache, France, 2000 • also presented at Workshop on “Nuclear Reaction Data and Nuclear Reactors: Physics, Design and Safety”, The Abdus Salam ICTP, Trieste, Italy, 25 February – 28 March 2002; ICTP Lecture Notes 20, Editors – M. Herman, N. Paver, 2005

  4. 1990s: Inadequate and Discrepant Decay Data in Decay Heat Calculations • Consultation and debate within Europe - 27 FPs – various applications, but also for decay heat calculations • Theoretical data for 35 neutron-rich nuclides – short cooling times

  5. FISPIN10 Decay Heat Calculations Robert Mills: Nexia Solutions, Sellafield, UK • JEFF-3.1 decay data files, and JEFF-3.1 fission yield files • FISPIN10 – used to calculate FP number densities following a single fission • decaying FPs from 0.1 to 10+9 secs after fuel irradiation • ordered in terms of those that contribute the most uncertainty to the overall uncertainty of the calculated decay heat BUT these data still require further detailed assessment

  6. FISPIN10 Decay Heat Calculations • 235Uth • 239Puth • 238Uf • 232Thf FPs  0.5% of the resulting decay heat as a function of cooling time after irradiation

  7. 235Uth: Dominant Uncertainties in JEFF-3.1 • Short cooling times – uncertainties in FYs • Half-lives: 98Ym ( 10%), 100Nb ( 13%), 102Nb ( 15%) • Energy release: 87Br ( 17%), 89Sr ( 40%), 97Sr (no uncertainty), 101Nb ( 15%), 102Nb (no uncertainty), 143La ( 53%)

  8. 239Puth : 1.0 s Nuclide Energy release rate eV per second per fission Ebeta Egamma Ealpha 41-NB-103 2.3526E+04 2.3526E+04 0.0000E+00 6% 41-NB-104M 1.2554E+04 1.2554E+04 4.4028E-01 3% 39-Y-98M 1.4565E+04 1.7209E+04 8.2312E+01 4% 41-NB-102 1.6423E+04 1.6423E+04 0.0000E+00 4% 39-Y-99 2.0826E+04 6.4749E+03 5.1960E+01 3.2% 38-SR-97 1.1495E+04 1.1495E+04 5.3695E-01 2.7% 43-TC-109 8.4527E+03 8.4527E+03 8.5152E-01 2% 55-CS-143 9.7006E+03 9.7006E+03 4.0121E+01 54-XE-141 8.3732E+03 8.3732E+03 2.9217E-01 39-Y-98 1.1206E+04 1.0535E+04 4.1903E+00 55-CS-142 2.2756E+04 5.3016E+03 0.0000E+00 40-ZR-101 1.9095E+04 4.8905E+03 0.0000E+00 42-MO-107 6.4492E+03 6.4492E+03 0.0000E+00 40-ZR-103 5.9344E+03 5.9344E+03 0.0000E+00 39-Y-100 4.6434E+03 4.6434E+03 8.3444E+00 38-SR-96 1.8752E+04 8.7943E+03 0.0000E+00 39-Y-100M 4.3689E+03 4.3689E+03 0.0000E+00 41-NB-105 5.0734E+03 5.0734E+03 1.4243E+01

  9. 239Puth : 1.0 s Nuclide Energy release rate eV per second per fission Ebeta Egamma Ealpha 37-RB-94 6.6126E+03 5.8577E+03 2.1434E+01 1.5% 40-ZR-102 9.8858E+03 1.1729E+03 0.0000E+00 37-RB-95 4.3081E+03 4.0236E+03 1.1949E+01 1.0% 39-Y-97M 1.8186E+04 1.8221E+04 2.6623E+00 53-I-138 5.6520E+03 2.7526E+03 1.0986E+01 1.0% 41-NB-104 4.5696E+03 4.5696E+03 1.4174E-01 38-SR-98 4.6675E+03 1.1405E+03 0.0000E+00 43-TC-108 8.0213E+03 8.0213E+03 0.0000E+00 53-I-139 4.6636E+03 1.2379E+03 2.0467E+01 0.7% 52-TE-137 2.7786E+03 2.7786E+03 1.4208E+01 54-XE-142 2.7648E+03 2.7648E+03 1.3767E+00 57-LA-148 4.0528E+03 2.2550E+03 0.0000E+00 56-BA-145 4.9528E+03 4.9528E+03 0.0000E+00 41-NB-106 2.5104E+03 2.5104E+03 2.0842E+01 42-MO-108 2.5479E+03 2.5479E+03 0.0000E+00 56-BA-146 2.9970E+03 2.9970E+03 0.0000E+00 51-SB-134 4.7464E+03 8.1988E+01 0.0000E+00 55-CS-144 3.2015E+03 3.2015E+03 2.4051E+01

  10. 239Puth : 1.0 s Nuclide Energy release rate eV per second per fission Ebeta Egamma Ealpha 36-KR-92 3.9726E+03 2.7613E+03 0.0000E+00 41-NB-102M 4.5521E+03 4.1878E+03 0.0000E+00 40-ZR-99 1.4095E+04 7.7061E+03 0.0000E+00 39-Y-97 5.1214E+03 4.3350E+03 0.0000E+00 41-NB-100M 2.3203E+03 2.3397E+03 0.0000E+00 41-NB-100 4.8561E+03 1.3795E+03 0.0000E+00 0.74% 37-RB-93 3.9740E+03 4.8836E+03 7.7866E+00 1.0% 40-ZR-100 5.3875E+03 9.9503E+02 0.0000E+00 41-NB-101 4.8424E+03 6.3558E+02 0.0000E+00 0.65% 54-XE-140 2.4783E+03 2.4783E+03 0.0000E+00 57-LA-147 4.4842E+03 4.0022E+02 0.0000E+00 42-MO-106 3.5687E+03 3.5687E+03 0.0000E+00 52-TE-135 3.6719E+03 5.7800E+02 0.0000E+00 37-RB-92 5.3473E+03 3.2544E+03 0.0000E+00 39-Y-96 6.8169E+03 1.7036E+02 0.0000E+00 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Totals 4.8955E+05 3.5208E+05 7.5696E+02 80.50% of all nuclides

  11. 239Puth : 1 min Nuclide Energy release rate eV per second per fission Ebeta Egamma Ealpha 53-I-137 4.3704E+02 2.8630E+02 9.2438E+00 3.2% 53-I-136 3.5992E+02 4.2571E+02 0.0000E+00 41-NB-98 6.2536E+02 1.0327E+02 0.0000E+00 52-TE-135 4.4471E+02 7.0002E+01 0.0000E+00 53-I-136M 3.6907E+02 3.6907E+02 0.0000E+00 52-TE-136 1.1528E+02 1.7469E+02 0.0000E+00 51-SB-133 7.6329E+01 2.5365E+02 0.0000E+00 44-RU-109 1.7440E+02 2.7795E+02 0.0000E+00 43-TC-107 5.0802E+02 1.2722E+02 0.0000E+00 42-MO-105 6.8414E+02 1.9630E+02 0.0000E+00 43-TC-106 8.3182E+02 9.3787E+02 0.0000E+00 54-XE-139 5.1348E+02 5.1348E+02 0.0000E+00 42-MO-103 4.8207E+02 2.3300E+02 0.0000E+00 45-RH-110 1.9344E+02 4.1786E+02 0.0000E+00 57-LA-145 2.7171E+02 1.1307E+02 0.0000E+00 55-CS-140 6.8755E+02 5.8667E+02 0.0000E+00 50-SN-131M 8.2947E+01 8.2947E+01 0.0000E+00 54-XE-140 1.2500E+02 1.2500E+02 0.0000E+00

  12. 239Puth : 1 min Nuclide Energy release rate eV per second per fission Ebeta Egamma Ealpha 55-CS-141 4.5042E+02 1.7913E+02 0.0000E+00 51-SB-132 8.2562E+01 1.6424E+02 0.0000E+00 45-RH-109 1.1212E+02 1.1212E+02 0.0000E+00 42-MO-104 2.7567E+02 2.7567E+02 0.0000E+00 35-BR-87 6.4339E+01 1.2606E+02 1.5438E-01 0.8% 50-SN-130M 5.9192E+01 5.9192E+01 0.0000E+00 45-RH-108 1.6500E+02 2.8228E+01 0.0000E+00 38-SR-95 3.5834E+02 1.8146E+02 0.0000E+00 40-ZR-98 2.6260E+02 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 57-LA-144 4.3620E+02 7.3519E+02 0.0000E+00 43-TC-103 2.5045E+02 6.3430E+01 0.0000E+00 37-RB-91 1.8479E+02 2.6018E+02 0.0000E+00 35-BR-88 5.2561E+01 6.8342E+01 1.7717E-01 0.5% 41-NB-99M 9.8816E+01 4.5403E+01 0.0000E+00 44-RU-107 1.4108E+02 4.4947E+01 0.0000E+00 43-TC-105 8.9851E+01 4.5860E+01 0.0000E+00 58-CE-147 1.7679E+02 2.4018E+01 0.0000E+00 38-SR-94 1.3388E+02 2.2935E+02 0.0000E+00

  13. 239Puth : 1 min Nuclide Energy release rate eV per second per fission Ebeta Egamma Ealpha 36-KR-90 1.0965E+02 1.0965E+02 0.0000E+00 35-BR-86 8.0745E+01 1.3261E+02 0.0000E+00 43-TC-102 1.1771E+02 4.8878E+00 0.0000E+00 56-BA-143 1.6958E+02 1.6958E+02 0.0000E+00 54-XE-137 2.4327E+02 2.7335E+01 0.0000E+00 37-RB-90 6.2628E+01 6.0565E+01 0.0000E+00 41-NB-99 1.9311E+02 2.2240E+01 0.0000E+00 58-CE-145 6.4721E+01 5.1009E+01 0.0000E+00 56-BA-144 6.0895E+01 6.0895E+01 0.0000E+00 38-SR-93 3.3045E+01 9.2254E+01 0.0000E+00 58-CE-148 7.6018E+01 7.6018E+01 0.0000E+00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Totals 1.3073E+04 1.0055E+04 9.6049E+00 87.92% of all nuclides

  14. 239Puth : 1.1 h Nuclide Energy release rate eV per second per fission Ebeta Egamma Ealpha 53-I-134 4.2397E+00 1.7166E+01 0.0000E+00 12% 51-SB-130 8.3440E-01 3.6537E+00 0.0000E+00 2.5% 57-LA-143 1.7144E+00 3.4970E-01 0.0000E+00 1.1% 55-CS-138 1.0023E+01 1.8952E+01 0.0000E+00 43-TC-104 5.7022E+00 6.7564E+00 0.0000E+00 52-TE-134 1.3600E+00 5.3068E+00 0.0000E+00 52-TE-133M 9.4822E-01 4.5968E+00 0.0000E+00 51-SB-131 1.1401E+00 3.4346E+00 0.0000E+00 43-TC-101 2.9988E+00 2.1049E+00 0.0000E+00 45-RH-107 1.8601E+00 1.3425E+00 0.0000E+00 59-PR-146 4.3807E+00 3.2848E+00 0.0000E+00 39-Y-94 3.2132E+00 1.3535E+00 0.0000E+00 54-XE-138 1.2126E+00 2.1231E+00 0.0000E+00 52-TE-133 1.0299E+00 1.7949E+00 0.0000E+00 42-MO-101 1.0980E+00 2.8780E+00 0.0000E+00 43-TC-102 2.0989E+00 8.7154E-02 0.0000E+00 57-LA-142 3.4813E+00 9.3213E+00 0.0000E+00 52-TE-131 2.6906E+00 1.6273E+00 0.0000E+00 53-I -135 6.5360E-01 2.8157E+00 0.0000E+00

  15. 239Puth : 1.1 h Nuclide Energy release rate eV per second per fission Ebeta Egamma Ealpha 44-RU-105 1.0274E+00 1.8353E+00 0.0000E+00 56-BA-139 4.7599E+00 2.4188E-01 0.0000E+00 55-CS-139 8.8106E-01 1.8512E-01 0.0000E+00 56-BA-141 2.3808E+00 2.1948E+00 0.0000E+00 36-KR-87 8.7826E-01 5.2021E-01 0.0000E+00 35-BR-84 4.3105E-01 6.1073E-01 0.0000E+00 37-RB-89 5.2460E-01 1.2613E+00 0.0000E+00 36-KR-88 1.9344E-01 1.0156E+00 0.0000E+00 38-SR-92 2.2029E-01 1.6910E+00 0.0000E+00 37-RB-88 1.0891E+00 3.5324E-01 0.0000E+00 59-PR-147 5.9894E-01 5.9894E-01 0.0000E+00 57-LA-141 1.8625E+00 5.1822E-02 0.0000E+00 39-Y-95 7.2937E-01 5.5444E-01 0.0000E+00 60-ND-149 5.3283E-01 3.9270E-01 0.0000E+00 56-BA-142 2.6207E-01 6.8613E-01 0.0000E+00 59-PR-145 5.3970E-01 5.3970E-01 0.0000E+00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Totals 7.3672E+01 1.0695E+02 1.4742E-21 93.72% of all nuclides

  16. 239Puth : 1.04 d Nuclide Energy release rate eV per second per fission Ebeta Egamma Ealpha 53-I-135 5.2571E-02 2.2648E-01 0.0000E+00 10% 54-XE-135 1.2904E-01 1.0169E-01 0.0000E+00 8% 53-I-133 1.1171E-01 1.6708E-01 0.0000E+00 51-SB-128 1.3006E-02 8.1520E-02 0.0000E+00 46-PD-109 4.2663E-02 7.6214E-05 0.0000E+00 53-I-132 4.6180E-02 2.0961E-01 0.0000E+00 41-NB-97M 2.6280E-03 1.3283E-01 0.0000E+00 39-Y-93 1.2054E-01 9.7878E-03 0.0000E+00 41-NB-97 9.6867E-02 1.3737E-01 0.0000E+00 52-TE-131M 2.5946E-03 1.9557E-02 0.0000E+00 58-CE-143 6.5217E-02 4.2423E-02 0.0000E+00 44-RU-105 2.4738E-02 4.4188E-02 0.0000E+00 40-ZR-97 1.3479E-01 3.0536E-02 0.0000E+00 45-RH-105 3.7660E-02 1.8961E-02 0.0000E+00 38-SR-91 3.9836E-02 4.3505E-02 0.0000E+00 39-Y-92 4.4377E-02 7.7700E-03 0.0000E+00

  17. 239Puth : 1.04 d Nuclide Energy release rate eV per second per fission Ebeta Egamma Ealpha 47-AG-112 1.1879E-02 1.1879E-02 0.0000E+00 61-PM-151 9.6357E-03 1.0384E-02 0.0000E+00 39-Y-91M 1.0409E-03 2.0919E-02 0.0000E+00 42-MO-99 4.9636E-02 1.8711E-02 0.0000E+00 52-TE-132 9.1510E-03 2.1116E-02 0.0000E+00 56-BA-140 1.0619E-02 6.1590E-03 0.0000E+00 59-PR-145 3.3915E-02 3.3915E-02 0.0000E+00 57-LA-141 3.0254E-02 8.4176E-04 0.0000E+00 57-LA-140 6.5668E-03 2.8380E-02 0.0000E+00 61-PM-149 1.4410E-02 4.6664E-04 0.0000E+00 53-I-131 5.0711E-03 1.0055E-02 0.0000E+00 43-TC-99M 1.7541E-03 1.4329E-02 0.0000E+00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Totals 1.2214E+00 1.5141E+00 3.3189E-19 95.01% of all nuclides

  18. 239Puth : 347 d Nuclide Energy release rate eV per second per fission Ebeta Egamma Ealpha 45-RH-106 9.4740E-04 1.3713E-04 0.0000E+00 50% 59-PR-144 5.9896E-04 1.6843E-05 0.0000E+00 28% 41-NB-95 1.0723E-05 1.8411E-04 0.0000E+00 9% 40-ZR-95 1.3718E-05 8.3745E-05 0.0000E+00 4.5% 58-CE-144 4.5510E-05 9.5041E-06 0.0000E+00 56-BA-137M 2.5771E-06 2.5393E-05 0.0000E+00 39-Y-91 2.5415E-05 1.3141E-07 0.0000E+00 44-RU-103 1.9349E-06 1.4423E-05 0.0000E+00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Totals 1.7021E-03 4.7975E-04 2.2986E-15 97.05% of all nuclides

  19. 239Puth : 31.7 y Nuclide Energy release rate eV per second per fission Ebeta Egamma Ealpha 56-BA-137M 1.2680E-06 1.2494E-05 0.0000E+00 57% 39-Y-90 5.0161E-06 6.6424E-12 0.0000E+00 21% 55-CS-137 4.1552E-06 3.6367E-11 0.0000E+00 17% 38-SR-90 9.3448E-07 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 4% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Totals 1.1476E-05 1.2503E-05 1.0782E-14 99.53% of all nuclides

  20. Decay Heat and Problem Fission Products, December 2005, RWM+ALN 87Br89Sr, 97Sr 98Ym 100Nb, 101Nb, 102Nb 143La 88Br 93Rb, 94Rb, 95Rb 99Y 137I, 138I, 139I

  21. Thanks: Decay Heat Across the years: Alan Tobias (CEGB), at the beginning …… Francois Storrer (CEA), in the middle ages Robert Mills (BNFL), over the recent past