Loyalists and Patriots

1. Loyalists and Patriots Two groups that emerged, one wanted to stay loyal to the crown and England; the other seeking independence from England

2. Loyalists • Older in age • Many were merchants and wealthy land owners • Members of the Church of England • Pennsylvania Dutch were loyalists • They feared the royal land grants would be taken away • Due to fear of Republican Government About 100,000 Loyalists left for England before the war.

3. About 100,000 Loyalists left for England before the war.

4. Patriots • Many different backgrounds • Most were highly educated and wealthy • Majority of ordinary men and women • Farmers, mechanics, and shopkeepers • Middle and lower classes that didn’t like their economic situation. • Angry due to British Taxation

5. Patriots believed • British taxes were not legal • Colonists were not directly represented in Parliament • British believed in “virtual representations” • All members of Parliament represent the interests of all British Subjects

7. Two different Armies Patriot Army-mostly made up of volunteers, little combat experience British Army-most powerful and successful army in Europe The British Army Leaders: Clinton, Cornwallis Well trained army that followed orders They had excellent guns and supplies, and uniforms They were fighting far from home. They fought because their government wants them to. • The Continental Army • Leaders: Washington, and Lafayette • Untrained, did not behave like soldiers. • Lacked guns and supplies • They fought on their own land, knew the land well. • They fought for freedom from British rule

8. Who should win?