1. Loyalists vs. Patriots Lesson Topic Big Idea • Two groups emerged, those that supported independence and those that supported the King Key Concepts Loyalists Patriots Pennsylvania Royalists Tories Virtual Representation

2. The Sides Are Chosen How might your allegiance during the Revolution play a role in your social status? How might it effect the way you’re treated during and after the conflict?

3. Loyalists • American colonists who remained loyal to Great Britain • Often referred to as Tories, Royalists, or King's Men by the Patriots • Historians estimate that 15% to 20% of the white population were Loyalists • Many fled the country at the start of the revolution Big Idea • Two groups emerged, those that supported independence and those that supported the King.

4. Who were loyalists? • They were older • Many were merchants and wealthy land owners • Active in the Church of England • Pennsylvania Dutch were loyalists • Feared royal land grants would be in danger • Due to idea of a republican form of government • About100,000 loyalists left the country after the revolution Big Idea • Two groups emerged, those that supported independence and those that supported the King.

5. Loyalists Demographics Dutch colonists tended to be largely loyalists Patriots outnumbered loyalists throughout the colonies Big Idea • Two groups emerged, those that supported independence and those that supported the King.

6. Patriots • Many different backgrounds • Many were highly educated and wealthy • Majority were ordinary men and women • Farmers, mechanics, homemakers, and shopkeepers • Middle and lower classes didn’t like economic situation • Due to British taxation Big Idea • Two groups emerged, those that supported independence and those that supported the King.

7. Views of the Patriots • Believed British taxes were not "legal“ • Colonists were not directly represented in Parliament • British believed in "virtual representation” • All members of Parliament represent the interests of all the citizens of the British empire Big Idea • Two groups emerged, those that supported independence and those that supported the King.

8. Perception of Patriots Popular image of the Patriot Patriot Call To Arms Big Idea • Two groups emerged, those that supported independence and those that supported the King.

9. People have rights government can’t take away, like property A strong unified British Empire is good for all Loyalists Patriots Colonists are British subjects and should obey British law Taxation takes away property (i.e. money & goods) Colonists don’t have voice in Parliament, so they can’t tax colonies (No taxation without representation) Taxes are due to French & Indian War which was fought to protect colonies American colonies would be weak without Britain There’s no way colonies could ever be represented – Parliament’s too far Colonies profit from trade with England Many colonists fought in the French & Indian War (we’ve done our part) Colonies are too far away from England to have representation in Parliament, its just not practical British personnel are causing violence, riots, and death (Boston Massacre & Tea Party)