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The Microbial World

The Microbial World. Chapters 5, 15. The Marine Environment. Plankton Collection. Plankton Classification. Megaplankton 20-200 cm Macroplankton 2-20 cm Mesoplankton 0.2-20 mm Microplankton 20-200 μ m Nanoplankton 2-20 μ m Picoplankton 0.2-2 μ m. Metabolism.

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The Microbial World

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  1. The Microbial World Chapters 5, 15

  2. The Marine Environment

  3. Plankton Collection

  4. Plankton Classification • Megaplankton 20-200 cm • Macroplankton 2-20 cm • Mesoplankton 0.2-20 mm • Microplankton 20-200 μm • Nanoplankton 2-20 μm • Picoplankton 0.2-2 μm

  5. Metabolism • Metabolism- all chemical reactions that occur in an organism. • Autotrophic- requiring carbon dioxide and a source of energy for the synthesis of organic molecules (glucose). • Photoautotrophs- absorb light energy from the sun. • Chemoautotrophs- derive energy from chemical compounds. • Heterotrophic- requiring complex organic compounds; obtains energy by consuming organic matter.

  6. Bacteria and Archaea

  7. Photosynthetic Prokaryotes • Kingdom- Bacteria • Phylum- Cyanophyta

  8. Cyanophyta • Characteristics • Examples- Oscillatoria, Synechococcus, Synechocystis.

  9. Cyanobacterial Cell

  10. Cyanophyta- Gram Negative Bacteria • Gram positive- peptidoglycan layer; stains with crystal violet. • Gram negative- peptidoglycan layer sandwiched by lipopolysaccharide and protein layers; does not stain with crystal violet.

  11. Global O2 from photosynthesis • 80% comes from marine cyanobacteria. • Synechococcus • Synechocystis • 20% comes from terrestrial systems. • 5% of this comes from tropical rainforests.

  12. Stromatolites

  13. Archaea • Prokaryotic • Extremophiles • Hydrothermal vents • Hypersaline basins • Highly acidic env. • Highly alkaline env.

  14. Photosynthetic Protista (the algae) • Dinophyta- dinoflagellates. • Haptophyta- haptophytes. • Heterokontophyta- heterokont algae. • Xanthophyceae- yellow-green algae. • Bacillariophyceae- diatoms.

  15. Dinophyta- dinoflagellates • Characteristics • Examples- Ceratium,Pfiesteria.

  16. Pfiesteria piscicida

  17. Haptophyta- haptophytes • Characteristics • Examples- Prymnesium, Phaeocystis.

  18. Heterokontophyta- heterokonts

  19. Xanthophyceae- yellow-green algae • Characteristics • Examples- Vaucheria.

  20. Bacillariophyceae- diatoms • Characteristics • Examples- Coscinodiscus, Chaetoceros.

  21. Frustule Morphology

  22. The Protozoans • Granuloreticulosa- foraminiferans. • Polycystina- radiolarians. • Ciliophora- ciliates.

  23. Granuloreticulosa- foraminiferans • Characteristics • Example- Globigerina.

  24. Pink Beaches of Bermuda

  25. Polycystina- radiolarians • Characteristics • Example- Hexacontium.

  26. Various Radiolarians

  27. Ciliophora- ciliates • Characteristics • Examples- Strombilidium, Tintinnopsis.

  28. Fig. 5.14

  29. Kingdom Fungi • Characteristics • Example- Aspergillus.

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