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Endocrine System

Learn about the key functions and structures of the endocrine system, including glands like the adrenal, ovaries, pancreas, and more. Understand how hormones affect targeted organs and the roles of different glands in maintaining balance in the body.

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Endocrine System

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  1. Chapter 11 Endocrine System

  2. Combining Forms for the Endocrine System aden/o adenoma adren/o adrenotrophicadrenal/o adrenalopathy andr/o androgenous

  3. Combining Forms for the Endocrine System crin/o endocrine dips/o polydipsia

  4. Combining Forms for the Endocrine System gluc/o glucogenicglucos/o glucoseglyc/o hyperglycemiaglycos/o glycosuria

  5. Combining Forms for the Endocrine System hormon/o hormonal ket/o ketogenicketon/o ketonuria

  6. Combining Forms for the Endocrine System pancreat/o pancreatitis thym/o thymoma thyr/o thyrotoxic

  7. Endocrine System

  8. Functions of the Endocrine Glands

  9. Functions of the Endocrine Glands (continued)

  10. Endocrine System Overview • Network of ductless glands and other structures • Glands secrete hormones which affect function of targeted organs

  11. Endocrine System Overview (continued) • adrenal glands • located next to each kidney • adrenal cortex (outer part of the gland) • secretes steroid hormones which regulate carbohydrate metabolism and salt and water balance • adrenal medulla (inner portion of the gland) • secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine (fight or flight (responses)

  12. Endocrine System Overview (continued) • steroid hormones • regulate carbohydrate metabolism and salt and water balance

  13. Endocrine System Overview • ovaries • located one on each side of the uterus • secretes • estrogen — Responsible for development of female secondary sex characteristics and regulation of reproduction • Progesterone--hormone of pregnancy

  14. Endocrine System Overview • pancreas (islets of Langerhans) • located behind the stomach • functions to secrete insulin (in presence of bl. glucose) and glucagon (in the absence of bl. glucose) • parathyroid glands • located on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland in the neck • functions to secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) • Responsible for maintaining Calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood.

  15. Endocrine System Overview • pineal gland • Located in the center of the brain • Secretes melatonin (sleep/wake cycles) and serotonin

  16. Endocrine System Overview • pituitary gland • Anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis) • Located at the base of the brain • Secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, melanocyte-stimulating hormone, growth hormone and prolactin • posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) • Releases antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin

  17. Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism

  18. Endocrine System Overview • testes • located one on each side within the scrotum in the male • functions to secrete testosterone • thymus gland • located in the mediastinal cavity anterior to and above the heart • functions to secrete thymosin

  19. Endocrine System Overview • thyroid gland • located in the front of the neck • secretes triiodothyronine, thyroxine and calcitonin

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