Presentation Transcript

1. KULIAH 2 PERKEMBANGAN PERAN SI/TI DALAM ORGANISASI
2. Agenda Strategic Context of IS/IT in Organization Evolution of IS in Organization Success Factors of Strategic Information Systems The Relationship of IS/IT Strategy and Business Strategy IS/IT Strategy Competitive Strategy and Its Implication to IS/IT Strategy SPIS in Indonesia: Local point of view
3. Strategic Context of IS in Organization More products available in digital form – Hence e-delivery through an IS (give some examples e-products?) More commerce takes place electronically (e-commerce- create new opportunities, online transaction) More activities getting more complex, need various of data and information (data mining, enterprise information systems - ERP) Interrelatedness of Business activities within and between companies (improve efficiency and productivity) Technology advancement that can processes data in a large volume in a relatively short time
4. The Evolution of Information Systems Year 1960 – Data processing (DP) era Year 1970 – Management IS (MIS) era Year 1980 – Strategic IS (SIS-EIS) era Year 1990 – E-business & e-commerce era Year 2000 – Enterprise Resource Planning era Each era has different characteristics of IS.
5. Characteristic of DP Era Centralized processing Using multi-purpose Mainframe computer Batch processing Data storage: magnetic disk, tape Programming language: Cobol, Basic, etc. Automating information-based processes
6. Characteristics of MIS Era Introducing minicomputer Using variety business applications Still centralized Used a hierarchical application portfolio model based on a stratification of management activity: – Strategic planning – Management control – Operational control Increase management effectiveness by satisfying their information requirements for decision making – to help manager
7. Characteristics of SIS Era Introducing Personal Computer (PC) Introducing office automation Introducing new capabilities: flexible access and decision support Improving competitiveness by changing the nature or conduct of business (i.e. IS/IT investments can be a source of competitive advantage)
8. Types of SIS Those that link the organization to its customers or suppliers to share information Those that effectively integrate the use of information in the organization value chain Those that enable the organization to develop new or enhanced products or services based on information Those that provide managers with better information for strategy development Example: Tradenet, SABRE (American Airlines), Valuelink(Baxter Healthcare).
9. Success Factors of SIS External in nature instead of internal focus: i.eimage building Adding value instead of cost reduction: i.e e-ticket Sharing the benefits internally and externally: i.e ATM Understanding customers and their needs: i.ecustomized product Business instead of technology driven innovation: i.ecovering a wider customers Incremental instead of total development: i.eweb-based application Using information gained to develop business: i.elearning organization Exercise your critical thinking by giving more examples to those success factors !!
10. Trends in the evolution of business IS/IT (source: adapted from R.D. Galliers and E. Somogyi)