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Chinese Philosophies

Chinese Philosophies. Key concept 2.1: the development of cultural and religious traditions . What is philosophy?. Literally: a love for wisdom Typically asks Questions like: What is the purpose of life? What is a good person like? What is success? What is truth? What is knowledge?

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Chinese Philosophies

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  1. Chinese Philosophies Key concept 2.1:the development of cultural and religious traditions

  2. What is philosophy? • Literally: a love for wisdom • Typically asks Questions like: • What is the purpose of life? • What is a good person like? • What is success? • What is truth? What is knowledge? • How should I act in a situation? • Often philosophy and religion overlap

  3. Why did these philosophies develop? • War and social changes were disrupting everyday life • Government lacked control • These philosophies helped guide people and the government to a better life

  4. Summary of the 3 Chinese Philosophies Confucianism --> Moral order in society. Daoism --> Freedom for individuals and less govt. to avoid uniformity and conformity. Legalism --> Rule by harsh law & order.

  5. Confucianism • Philosopher concerned with worldly goals. • Highly influenced the government and social order in China.

  6. Confucianism Text

  7. Confucianism • 5 relationships: • ruler-subject • Parent-child • Husband-wife • Elder sibling-younger sibling • Friend-friend • filial piety: respect for parents, the highestprinciple.

  8. Confucian Values • Li:Politeness • Jen (Ren):Respect • Te:Moral action • Wen:Arts of peace

  9. Daoism • Originates during the Warring States Period with Laozi • Classical Way of Virtue

  10. Daoism-Beliefs • Urged withdrawal from formalities, rigid hierarchy, and distractions of Chinese Society • Questions if real world is real or a dream

  11. Daoism-Beliefs • Argues that education is an obstacle to understanding- we should go with our instincts • Strives to lead a tranquil existence • Dao- the path of nature

  12. Legalism • During Qin dynasty • Willing to sacrifice individual freedom for security of the state • Emphasizes obedience to a ruler.

  13. Legalism Teachings • People are naturally selfish and corrupt so they need to be controlled • Education discouraged • Law is the supreme authority The ruler must rule with a strong, punishing hand. • War is the means of strengthening a ruler’s power.

  14. Gender Roles in China-Yin and Yang • Male –Yang • Equated with sun: bright and shining • Fathers have absolute authority • Only ones who could conduct rituals • Female – Yin • Moon: passive, shaded, reflective • Maintained household shrines • Supportive instead of leader

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