1. Chinese Religion, Chinese Philosophies

2. Objective: • To understand the Age of Buddhism in China and how Confucianism influenced China’s government.

3. Age of Buddhism

5. 400-845 C.E. or A.D. • From India • People began to develop as major religion during troubled times-eased their worries • Influenced art & architecture • Spread to Japan & Korea • Came to end when Tang emperor burnt town temples & turned temples into schools

6. Confucianism and Gov’t • Dominant philosophy in China based on teachings of Confucius • Focused on ethics or proper behavior

7. Confucius

8. Confucius • Born in 551 B.C. • died in 479 B.C.

9. Confucianism • People should conduct themselves based on two principles: li & ren • Believe when people followed li & ren society would function

10. Confucianism • li • Appropriate behavior • Ren • Concern for others

11. Li • Rites, ceremonies, proper behavior, and good manners

12. Ren • Relationship between "two persons” • clearly defined duties • Example- young people should listen and respect their teachers…Now wouldn’t our day be nicer if this happened??

13. Five relationships • father-child • ruler-subject • husband-wife • elder brother-younger brother • friend-friend

14. Confucianism • Persecuted in Qin Dynasty • 221 B.C. - 206 B.C. • promoted by later rulers

15. Confucianism • During Period of Disunion Buddhism more popular. Buddhism was more spiritual or belief in afterlife… • Song dynasty began to focus on Confucianism order to improve Chinese gov’t and society

16. Neo-Confucianism • Song dynasty • Blended older ideas of proper behavior but emphasized spiritual matters and Buddhist ideas of the meaning of life • Became official gov’t teachings • Teachings were used as test for scholar-officials

17. Confucianism • reinforced by the civil examination system • “keju”: civil examination • from 605 to 1905

18. Scholar-officials

19. Scholar-officials

20. Scholar-officials • In order to get a good job in the government, men had to take a civil service examination based on Confucian teachings • Civil service: working for the government • Bureaucracy: body of unelected officials • Scholar-official: educated member of the gov’t

21. Why would you want to work for the government/benefits? • You became an elite member of society • Admired for knowledge and ethics • Got away with things • Became wealthy • Even commoners could become important!

22. Why would China want to have Civil Service exams? • Ensured that talented, intelligent people, including commoners could become civil servants

23. Quote “Beginning with childhood, all of man’s study is centered on one aim alone: to emerge successfully from the three days’ examinations, and all he has in mind is what success can bring to him in terms of power, influence, and prestige.” -Ye Shih, Chinese scholar

24. Do Now: • Get slip of paper from Ms. Sheehan • This is your assigned Vocab word • Follow the directions on the “Neo-Confucianism” direction sheet • Ask your neighbor first, THEN me, if you have a question!

25. Buddhism Confucianism - Originated from India _____ B.C. -People turned to Buddhism during _________ times-Period of Disunion. Focused of _____________ and escape from suffering -Temples built, religion spread to Japan & Korea - Neo-Confucianism blended the two ideas -Both emphasized in Chinese government during certain times -Confucius was a scholar from China born in _________ -Based on two principles: _______ & __________. -favored during the __________ dynasty. Summary

26. Your turn: • Sign up under the terms bureaucracy, civil service, incentive, and scholar-official • With your team, define your term and create an illustration that represents the meaning of the term • Tomorrow you will present your term/illustration with your team • Review the rubric and choose your team jobs