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Objectives: Describe Western Europe after Rome’s collapse.

Objectives: Describe Western Europe after Rome’s collapse. Describe how Germanic tribes carved Europe into small kingdoms. Explain how Charlemagne briefly reunited much of Western Europe and what happened to his empire after his death. . Western Europe in Decline. Post Roman Empire

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Objectives: Describe Western Europe after Rome’s collapse.

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  1. Objectives: • Describe Western Europe after Rome’s collapse. • Describe how Germanic tribes carved Europe into small kingdoms. • Explain how Charlemagne briefly reunited much of Western Europe and what happened to his empire after his death.

  2. Western Europe in Decline • Post Roman Empire • Political, social, economic decline • Dark Ages • Middle Ages • 500 AD to 1500 AD

  3. Middle Ages • What were the Middle Ages and what were they dominated by? • Catholic Church rises in power • Feudalism/Move away from cities • Knights • Lack of education • Brought about by fall of Roman Empire and different tribes leading to divisions.

  4. The Franks • 486, Clovis conquers Gaul • Clovis converted to Christianity • Gained allegiance of Christian Church in Rome • Importance?

  5. “I take it very hard that these Arians hold part of Gaul. Let us go with God's help and conquer them and bring the land under our control.” Clovis • -Belmont Univ.

  6. Muslim Empires • Huge empire beginning to form through military and religious expansion.

  7. Battle of Tours • Muslim army crossed into France • Charles Martel rallied Frankish warriors • Christians triumphed • Sign of God? Or Christian Savior?

  8. Charlemagne • King of Franks • Became known as Charlemagne • Reunites large parts of Roman empire • Further brings Church and state together --> Christendom • MissiDominicis • Revival of Learning and Latin culture

  9. Pope Leo III • 800 AD, Christmas Day • The Pope proclaimed Charlemagne “Emperor”. Why? • Revived “Christendom” • Future of political power struggles.

  10. Legacy • Blended Germanic, Roman, and Christian traditions • Charlemagne’s three grandsons fought for power. Treaty of Verdun divided empire after civil war. • Lack of strong government led to what?

  11. New Invaders • Muslim forces • Created a stronghold in Sicily • Magyars • Vikings • Scandinavian raiders • 1000 AD set up colony in North America

  12. Feudalism and the Manor Economy 7.2

  13. Feudalism • The invasions of the Vikings, Muslims, and Magyars weakened emperor’s ability to maintain law and order • Result? • Feudalism • Organized system of rule in which powerful local lords divided their landholdings among lesser lords • Lesser lords (vassals), pledged service and loyalty to the greater lord

  14. Mutual Obligations • Feudal contract • Lord granted his vassal a fief (estate / land) • Peasants to work the land were included

  15. Promises • Lord promised to protect his vassal • Vassal pledged loyalty to his lord • 40 days of military service pledged

  16. Structured Society • Monarch • Powerful Lords (Dukes and Counts) – Largest fiefs • Vassals • Vassals had vassals

  17. Knights • Knights – Mounted warriors • Boy was slated to be a Knight early • Difficult training • Tournaments a part of life and training

  18. Chivalry • Brave, loyal, and true to their word • Code of conduct developed by the Church to calm the knights down.

  19. To guard the honour of fellow knights To eschew unfairness, meanness and deceit To keep faith At all times to speak the truth To persevere to the end in any enterprise begun To respect the honour of women Never to refuse a challenge from an equal Never to turn the back upon a foe To fear God and maintain His Church To serve the liege lord in valour and faith To protect the weak and defenceless To give succour[assistance] to widows and orphans To refrain from the wanton [deliberate, unprovoked] giving of offence To live by honour and for glory To despise pecuniary [monetary] reward To fight for the welfare of all To obey those placed in authority Code of Chivalry

  20. Manor System • The lord’s estate • Peasants referred to as serfs • Work the land and manor • Pay taxes • Bound to the land • Guaranteed food, housing and land

  21. Conclusion/Questions • Feudalism=political/social breakdown • Manorialism=economic breakdown • Fought, Prayed, or Worked, all dependent upon birth • What does this system resemble in terms of other historical periods? • Why would serfs agree to this system?

  22. The Medieval Church

  23. Village Church • Social center • Largest public building • Took great pride in their church buildings • Tithe – Christians required to pay a tenth of their income

  24. Role of the Parish Priest • Only contact people had with the church • Celebrated mass • Administered sacraments

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