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Insights into Hagedorn States and Thermalization in High Density Nuclear Matter

This work explores the concept of Hagedorn states in the context of high-density nuclear matter, focusing on their role in thermalization and hadronization at the phase boundary. Through molecular dynamical simulations and comparisons with lattice QCD, we analyze the characteristics of the Hagedorn spectrum and its implications for chemical equilibration in a quark-gluon plasma (QGP). This study also discusses the production of antihyperons and baryon/anti-baryon dynamics, emphasizing their significance in understanding QCD phase transitions and the behavior of matter near critical temperature.

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Insights into Hagedorn States and Thermalization in High Density Nuclear Matter

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  1. DM2010, High Density Nuclear Matter, Stellenbosch, South Africa Hagedorn states andThermalization (courtesy L. Ferroni)

  2. Hadronization at the phase boundary…?

  3. Hadronization – molecular dynamical simulation C. Traxler et al., PRC59 1620 (1999) … Hagedorn spectrum

  4. Hadron Resonance Gas with Hagedorn States and comparison to lattice QCD close to J. Noronha-Hostler, J. Noronha, CG arXiv:0909.2908 • Hagedorn spectrum: • RBC collaboration:

  5. The order and shape of QGP phase transition I.Zakout, CG and J. Schaffner-Bielich, NPA 781 (2007) 150, PRC78:034916 and arXiv: 1002.3119 density of states:

  6. Crossover transition in bag-like models L. Ferroni and V. Koch, PRC79 (2009) 034905 density of states:

  7. Strangeness production at SpS energies Production of Antihyperons: QGP signature…? J. Geiss P. Koch, B. Müller, J. Rafelski

  8. Production of Anti-Baryons Multimesonic channels R.Rapp and E. Shuryak, Phys.Rev.Lett.86(2001) 2980 C.Greiner and S.Leupold, J.Phys. G27(2001) L95 SPS But But:

  9. Chemical Freeze-out and of QCD (P. Braun-Munzinger, J. Stachel, C. Wetterich,Phys.Lett.B596:61-69 (2004)) Chemical equilibration of baryon / anti-baryons: Hadronic resonance gas vs. lattice: Multimesonic channels:

  10. Possible solution by Hagedorn states C. Greiner, P. Koch, F. Liu, I. Shovkovy, H. Stöcker J.Phys.G31 (2005)‏

  11. Estimate for baryon/antibaryon production

  12. (Micro)canonical decay of Hagedorn States (Fuming Liu)‏

  13. J. Noronha-Hostler, CG, I. Shovkovy, PRL 100:252301, 2008; and arXiv:0909.2908 Rate Equations

  14. Decay Widths Linear fit (PDG)‏ for Baryon anti-baryon decay ((micro)canonical)‏ the average proton number is Analogously for Kaons, Lambdas and Omegas (!)

  15. Time Scale Estimate Assuming and where and

  16. Rising Populations • pions andHS held at equilibrium: protons kaons

  17. Expanding fireball Varying parameters has only small effect!

  18. protons Varying parameters has only small effect!

  19. kaons

  20. Lambdas

  21. Omegas M.Beitel

  22. The strange sector of baryons/antibaryons

  23. Importance of baryonicHS ?

  24. Summary Potential Hagedorn States close to critical temperature: • can explain fast chemical equilibration by HS regeneration • roughly: • roughly: • smaller shear viscosity of QCD matter at • Future: embedding into UrQMD J. Noronha-Hostler, M. Beitel, CG, I.Shovkovy arXiv:0909.2908, PRC in press

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  27. ! ! ! many thanks, Jean

  28. Particle Ratios as a Probe of the QCD Critical Temperature J. Noronha-Hostler, H. Ahmad, J. Noronha, CG, arXiv:0906.3960 Hagedorn States provide a unique method to compare lattice results for Tc using thermal fits Hagedorn states provide a lower chi^2 than thermal fits without Hagedorn states

  29. Transport Coefficients of Hadronic Matter near J. Noronha-Hostler, J. Noronha, CG, PRL103:172302 (2009) While both η (due to the small MFP of HS) and s increase with increasing T, the entropy increases quicker close to Tc, which decreases η/s. HRG of a hadron gas including HS matches well with the lattice at HS

  30. Three-particle interactions through parton rearrangement UrQMD+ Recombination, Baryonfusion, Quark annihilation [H.Petersen et al. , arXiv:0805.0567v1 (2008)] [G.Gräf, diploma thesis, Frankfurt (2009)] Same mechanism previously implemented in QGSM [Bleibel , Burau et al. , arXiv: nucl-th/0610021 (2007)] [Bleibel , Burau et al. , arXiv: 0711.3366 (2008)] Recombination Lambda multiplicity Elliptic flow excitation function Baryonfusion Quark annihilation - preliminary -

  31. C.Greiner, AIP Conf. Proc. 644:337 (2003)‏

  32. production at RHIC Thermal rates within chiral SU(3) description Chemical population of baryons / anti-baryons: I. Shovkovy, J. Kapusta (2003) P. Huovinen, J. Kapusta (2004) Insufficient by a factor of 3 to 4

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