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In a perfect world, we have just the right amount of ingredients for a reaction, known as being balanced. However, in reality, one reactant often limits the amount of product formed. This is where the concept of a limiting reactant comes into play, defining the maximum product yield. To identify the limiting reactant, follow these steps: write a balanced equation, convert each reactant to the mass of desired product, and determine which reactant produces the least. Additionally, methods exist to calculate the excess amounts of any unreacted reactants.
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In a perfect world… • We have the perfect amount of out “ingredients” to make our desired product. • This is known as being balanced. • 2 Na + Cl₂ 2 NaCl
In the REAL world • Nothing is perfect… • One of the reactants (ingredients) limits how much product we can make. • Limiting Reactant- the reactant that determines how much product we can make. • 10 buns, 20 patties, 2 slices of cheese, and 40 strips of bacon 1 bacon double cheeseburger
How do I know the limiting reactant? Step 1: write out balanced equation. Step 2: convert each reactant to mass of product Step 3: the reactant that makes the LEAST amount of product is the limiting reactant.
What mass of Ag₂S is produced from a mixture of 2.0 g Ag and 2.0 g S ? Step 1: 16 Ag + S₈ 8Ag₂S
How do I find out how much reactant is left/ in excess ? • Step 1: Convert limiting reactant into mass of non-limiting reactant • Step 2: Subtract amount used from the amount at the beginning.
