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HURRICANES

HURRICANES. The History, Structure, Development, and Destruction. Source: http://www.dc.peachnet.edu/~pgore/students/w97/matheson/hpage.htm. What is a hurricane?. Violent cyclonic storm that develops in the tropical region Wind speeds are > 74 mph. Source: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/

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HURRICANES

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  1. HURRICANES The History, Structure, Development, and Destruction Source: http://www.dc.peachnet.edu/~pgore/students/w97/matheson/hpage.htm

  2. What is a hurricane? • Violent cyclonic storm that develops in the tropical region • Wind speeds are > 74 mph Source: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/ Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=680

  3. Rotation and Pressure In which direction does a hurricane rotate? COUNTERCLOCKWISE Is the barometric pressure inside the hurricane high or low? LOW

  4. When is Hurricane Season? June 1st through November 30th

  5. What is the role of the National Weather Service during hurricane season? • Provides weather information, such as data from satellites • Responsible for issuing watches and warnings to the media and general public

  6. Watch vs. Warning • What is the difference between a Hurricane Watch and a Hurricane Warning? • Watch – Tropical storm poses a threat to coastal areas with 36 hours • Warning - Tropical storm conditions are expected in a coastal area within 24 hours

  7. What conditions must be present for a hurricane to develop? • Warm ocean temperatures (>80˚ F) up to 60m deep • Little to no wind shear • Low pressure system at least 5˚ North or South of Equator • Rotation caused by winds Source: http://lwf.ncdc.noaa. gov/oa/reports/fran/fran.html

  8. What is the major source of energy fueling a hurricane? Heat Energy evaporating from the ocean surface Source: http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/hyd/evap.rxml

  9. Hurricane Anatomy Source: http://hurricanes.noaa.gov/prepare/structure.htm

  10. Another look at the Structure Source: http://hurricanes.noaa.gov/prepare/structure.htm

  11. Comparison of Terms • Tropical Disturbance Group of thunderstorms in the tropics that are present for at least 24 hours • Tropical Wave lack of circulation, winds <25 mph and every direction • Tropical Depression closed circulation but disorganized, winds at least 25 mph

  12. Comparison of Terms Tropical Storm Shower and thunderstorm moves over closed circulation, winds greater than 39 mph Hurricane Eye is developed, winds > 74 mph

  13. Compare the Following Source: http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/hurr/stages/home.rxml

  14. By what two factors is hurricane strength measured? Wind Speed Barometric Pressure

  15. What is the Scale Used to Categorize Hurricanes? Saffir-Simpson Scale Source: http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/archive/hurricane/saffir-simpson.html

  16. What causes the damage in a hurricane? • Winds • Flooding • Storm Surge

  17. What is a storm surge? • Large wall or dome of water that rushes into the coastline as a result of a hurricane making landfall • To the right are the areas affected by high storm surges Souce: http://www.wkrg.com/hurricanecenter/surge/SE.jpg

  18. What destroys a hurricane? • Strong vertical winds • Cold water • Movement over land • Friction • Lack of moisture

  19. What are the five costliest hurricanes in the United States?Old List • Hurricane Andrew – 1992 • Hurricane Hugo – 1989 • Hurricane Fran – 1996 • Hurricane Opal – 1995 • Hurricane Frederic – 1979

  20. 5 Costliest Hurricanes in the U.S.Updated • Katrina --------2005 (105,840,000,000) • Andrew--------1992 (45,561,000,000) • Ike-------------2008 (27,790,000,000) • Wilma---------2005 (20,587,000,000) • Ivan-----------2004 (19,832,000,000)

  21. Explain why the majority of the costliest storms are relatively recent • Damage is a result of development • There are more developed areas and possessions than in the past Source: http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1992andrew.html

  22. What are the five deadliest hurricanes in the United States? • Galveston – 1900 (8000-12,000) • Southeast Florida – 1928 (2,500-3000) • Katrina – 2005 (1,200 – 1,800) • CheniereCaminanda Hurricane – 1893 (1,1000 – 1,400) • Sea Island Hurricane – 1893 (1,000 – 2,000)

  23. Explain why the deadliest storms were longer ago. • Lack of instrumentation to predict and track storms • People were not warned of the incoming danger Results of the Galveston Hurricane Source: http://www.1900storm.com/photographs/photo10.html

  24. How has a hurricane affected you personally? • Damage to your house from wind? • Damage from flooding? • Destroyed vacation house? • Damage to family members’ homes?

  25. Hurricane Ike Satellite View

  26. Damage to Galveston

  27. Houston

  28. Katrina

  29. Protection • Listen to warnings • Take all warnings seriously • Follow evacuations • Prepare Food and Water for extensive power outages

  30. THE END Source: http://www.dc.peachnet.edu/~pgore/students/w97/matheson/hpage.htm

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