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Bellringer

Bellringer. Glue in your: Homework pg 63 Preview pg 64 Revisiting the fertile crescent pg 65 Notes/ process pg 66 Homework- in folder . Agenda. Preview Reading Notes Process. India Geography. Isolated Peninsula Sub-continent Himalaya Hindu-Kush

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Bellringer

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  1. Bellringer • Glue in your: • Homework pg 63 • Preview pg 64 • Revisiting the fertile crescent pg 65 • Notes/ process pg 66 • Homework- in folder

  2. Agenda • Preview • Reading • Notes • Process

  3. India Geography • Isolated • Peninsula • Sub-continent • Himalaya • Hindu-Kush • But, mountain passes allow migration

  4. Aryan Migrations • Aryan nomadic groups • Come from north of the Black Sea • Move into parts of Asia and Europe • Settle in India among the agricultural people already there

  5. Aryan Culture • Aryans brought elements of their culture to India • Gods • Sacred writings: theVedas and Upanishads • Religious rituals • Social class structure • Imposed their beliefs on the natives

  6. The Caste System • The rigid social class structure in India, a part of Hindu beliefs • Caste determines your social status, job, friends, spouse • Cannot change caste in your lifetime • Move up if you lead a good life and follow the rules

  7. The Caste System

  8. The Brahman • Hindu spiritual goal is to reunite their individual soul with Brahman, the “World Soul” • The world, all individuals and individual souls, and all gods derive from the Brahman

  9. Hindu Gods • All gods are “manifestations” of the Brahman • Manifestation: appearance in bodily form • Hundreds or thousands of “gods” • VERY open religion – can worship many different things and be a Hindu • Is it polytheistic or monotheistic?

  10. Hindu Gods • Common Hindu Gods • Brahma, the creator • Vishnu, the preserver • Shiva, the destroyer

  11. Freeing the Soul • To reunite your atman with the Brahman, you must achieve perfect understanding: moksha • This takes more than one lifetime! Reincarnation (or rebirth in a new body) occurs after the cycle of life, samsara, is complete • Reaching moksha ends reincarnation

  12. Reincarnation • Your position in the next life is determined by karma, the sum of your good and bad deeds and how well you performed your dharma, or the duty of your role in life • Dharma is associated with your caste, and karma determines what caste you return to – a very serious punishment or reward

  13. Ms. Heath’s Rule of World History #5 They’re called gods for a reason

  14. Buddhism

  15. Hinduism’s Problems • Some people did not like • Inequality • Inaccessibility (need priests to interact with gods for you)

  16. The Solution • A new faith • Siddhartha Gautama grew up sheltered from the world. • When he left his palace, he was shocked by what he saw • Became the founder of Buddhism

  17. The Buddha • Siddhartha left his life in a palace to seek wisdom • No one he met had any wisdom • So he meditated under a tree until he discovered the truth about the world • He became known as the Buddha: awakened or enlightened one

  18. Four Noble Truths • To live is to suffer • Suffering is caused by desire • To end suffering, you must get rid of all desires • To do so, follow the Eightfold Path to enlightenment

  19. Nirvana • nirvana : Enlightenment • Enlightenment can be achieved by acting, thinking, and believing in the proper way • Nirvana ends your soul’s reincarnation

  20. Karma • Buddhists believe in karma, much like Hindus • Instead of determining caste, karma provides your reincarnated self with desirable qualities (wealth, beauty, influence, etc.) • Karma is based on your intentions, not just your actions

  21. Solving Problems • Hinduism has inequality • Buddhism rejects the caste system. All Buddhists belong to the religious community • Hinduism is inaccessible, requires priests • Buddhism is very personal, individual meditation and self-improvement • Can reach nirvana in a single lifetime

  22. About Buddha • Buddha is not a god! “Buddha” is a title granted to Siddhartha Gautama • Fat Buddha, and Buddha worship, is a later Chinese development

  23. Religious Spread

  24. Agenda • Quick review of Hinduism and Buddhism • GRAPES chart (pg 173) • Video • Begin on homework • Quiz next class and quiz from last class in your folders

  25. Mauryan Empire

  26. Geography • Majority of India except southern tip

  27. Religion • Hinduism • Buddhism • Asoka converts to Buddhism

  28. Asoka • Chandragupta’s grandson • Harsh and Brutal Warrior • Battle at Kautilya • Kills 100,000 soldiers • Feels bad • Starts studying Buddhism and converts • Preaches nonviolence

  29. Achievements • Unifying India • Sends missionaries to spread Buddhism-Asoka • Road system • Rest houses and wells for travelers

  30. Political • Bureaucracy • Divides empire into 4 provinces • Royal prices govern provinces • Officials collect taxes and carry out laws

  31. Economic • Farming • Trade- Indian Ocean trade

  32. Social • Class system • Patriarchal

  33. Gupta Empire

  34. Geography • Smaller than Mauryan Empire • Northern and Central India

  35. Religion • Hinduism

  36. Achievements • Art • Literature • Science and Math

  37. Political • Kings • Alliances with regional kings

  38. Economic • Farming • Trade

  39. Social • Caste System • Patriarchal

  40. Bellringer • Glue in the following pages • Pg 75- HW from last night • Pg 76 Preview • Pg 77 DO NOT GLUE IN!!!! • Pg 78- Activity • Pg 79- process

  41. Agenda • Glue in pages • Quiz • Preview • Notes • Finish Video! And go over answers • Activity • Process

  42. Homework • Reading Packet • Finish vocabulary • Quiz next class • (will be taking notes home to help you study)

  43. Reading Activity • Read through the packet to complete page 77

  44. Activity • Decide which phrase belongs to which philosophy • Buddhism • Confucianism • Daoism

  45. Who Said That? Buddhism Daoism Confucianism The Three Sages, that is, of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism, as illustrated in a late Ming period book. From left to right are Confucius, a Buddhist bodhisattva, and Laozi with the yin-yang symbol. [Safari Montage]

  46. Buddhism • Like a spider caught in its own web is a person driven by fierce cravings. Break out of the web, and turn away from the world of sensory pleasure and sorrow.

  47. Confucianism • If a ruler himself is upright, all will go well without orders. But if he himself is not upright, even though he gives orders they will not be obeyed.

  48. Daoism • Highest good is like water. Because water excels in benefitting the myriad creatures without contenting with them and settles where none would like to be, it comes close to the Way.

  49. Buddhism • The mind is flighty, and hard to grasp; the mind pursues all its desires. To tame the mind is great goodness. Subdue the mind and know tranquility.

  50. Daoism • The more laws and edicts are imposed, the more thieves and bandits there will be.

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